Regulation of securities markets empowers the board to protect investors, supervise intermediaries, inspect records and impose enforcement measures. The Board must protect investors and regulate the securities market by measures including regulation of exchanges, registration and supervision of intermediaries (brokers, depositories, custodians, portfolio managers, investment advisers, credit rating agencies, venture capital funds and collective investment schemes), promotion of self regulatory organisations, and prohibition of fraudulent practices and insider trading. It may call for information, conduct inspections and inquiries, share information with domestic or foreign authorities, exercise civil court powers for discovery and summons, inspect companies seeking listing on reasonable grounds, impose suspension or restraint orders, levy penalties after prescribed inquiry, and credit disgorged amounts to the Investor Protection and Education Fund.