Condonation of Delay denied where laches barred the writ petition; appellate review declined and petition dismissed.

Anticipatory bail: discretionary balance of liberty and investigation permits bail where appellant cooperated and no new material exists.

Statutory appeal rights: petitioner granted six weeks to file; appellate authority must hear and decide on merits.

Retrospective Cancellation requires prior notice of retrospective effect and disclosure of relied material; failure vitiates the order.

Retrospective Cancellation requires express notice and supplied supporting material; otherwise cancellation and cryptic orders are unsustainable.

Orders in name of non existent entity invalid; upload adjudication to transferee's GST and deem earlier registration cancelled.

Ownership of Asset determines depreciation entitlement; factual ownership must be examined by tax authorities and judicial interference denied.

Finality of settlement commission orders upheld where procedure and full and true disclosure are satisfied; judicial review limited to legality.

Cross-examination rights: not available at the Section 148A preliminary stage; entitlement arises at reassessment under Section 147.

Delay and Laches bar extraordinary writ relief; absence of acceptable explanation led to dismissal of challenge to condonation refusal.

Incidental business activity test: charitable exemption upheld where no retained income and quantitative thresholds were not breached.

Capital gains exemption under Section 54F upheld where prior payments for an under construction residence qualify if completed within statutory period.

Benami transaction: proceeds and post-amendment holdings treated as benami; fiduciary defence denied where personal benefit and control exist.

Limited grounds for review under Prohibition of Benami Act; without mistake or new evidence, voiding of IDS certificates denied.

Benami Transactions confirmed; provisional attachment upheld while beneficial owner identity is referred for limited reinvestigation.

Benami transaction: proof of consideration and control by beneficial owner upholds provisional attachment and dismisses appeals.

Fiduciary exception rejected; provisional attachment under benami law affirmed where transfers were one way unaccounted accommodation entries.

Benami property jurisdiction: IBC tribunals lack power to challenge Benami Act attachment; such assets fall outside the liquidation estate.

Suspension of customs broker licence upheld where prima facie evidence of contraventions and narcotics risk justified emergent action.

Mis-declaration not found where essential nature was declared; valuation re-determination invalid without disclosure of comparator documents.

Non-fulfilment of EPCG export obligation upheld duty and interest payable; confiscation and penalties set aside.

Transaction value requires disclosed reasons and an opportunity to be heard before rejection; undisclosed comparator pricing invalidates reassessment.

Apparatus for transmission or reception: devices with built in codecs and appliance mode operation classify under transmission heading, not ADP parts.

Withdrawal with liberty to appeal: file within eight weeks; appeal to be decided on merits without limitation objection.

Interim preservation of property: status quo to be maintained and no new third party interests until the Company Petition is decided.

Reduction of Share Capital affirmed; court upheld tribunal findings rejecting procedural bias and perverse valuation.

Undertaking as going concern: isolated asset sale not requiring special resolution; SARFAESI sale upheld and purchaser deemed bona fide.

Look Out Circulars: quashed where necessity and proportionality fail, subject to cooperation and conditional safeguards.

Shifting Registered Office permitted where approved resolution plan stands and no stay exists; conditional approval upheld.

Interference with criminal investigation denied as no exceptional circumstances; interim protection and recall of warrants refused.

Stock exchange disciplinary action and withheld security: writ maintainable; investigation valid but final board decision set aside as unlawfully constituted

AIF trustee debarment for SEBI rule breaches-no investor loss and fund winding-up led to bar treated as expired.

Clients authorising third-party F&O trades despite missing pre/post confirmations; broker not liable for losses, award set aside.

Doctrine of merger and trustee-like powers in SEBI-appointed Special Committee; order treated as open-ended, appeals dismissed

Personal liability of directors in regulatory proceedings: attachment challenge refused; pursue statutory appeal under SEBI Act

Market regulator prosecution over access to investigation report and inquiry materials; petition allowed, disclosure ordered with limited redactions

Pre-existing dispute on existence or quantum of operational debt bars admission of an insolvency petition; genuine contest must be decided outside insolvency.

Existence of Financial Debt and Default: CIRP admission upheld despite viability, res judicata and lender-conduct objections.

Liquidator Fee Rates: third-bucket rates apply where realisations occur after one year; excess withdrawals refundable with GST and interest.

Security interest realisation: liquidator may notify higher willing-buyer price; secured creditor must sell to that buyer or comply with deposit rules.

Appeals Against Resolution Plan rendered infructuous where liquidation begins and claimants pursue claims before the liquidator, leading to dismissal.

Finality of claim verification prevents collateral challenge to Resolution Plan approval; plan upheld with priority for employee dues.

Round-tripping: Offshore SPVs lacking bona fide activity used to raise funds and reinvest in India are treated as circumvention of FEMA norms.

Liability of struck-off companies persists; legal representatives face estate-limited FEMA penalties, with courts able to reduce penalties for proportionality.

Section 6(4) FEMA protects only legitimately substantiated foreign funds; breach of foreign exchange rules found, penalty reduced.

Contravention under FEMA sustained on documentary nexus, penalties reduced and confiscation of un-surrendered foreign currency upheld.

Abetment liability: corroborated retracted statements and statutory presumption can shift burden, leading to conviction and reduced penalty.

Continuing corporate liability remains enforceable after striking off; directors remain liable but penalties may be mitigated.

Prima Facie Assessment: Regulatory and expert reports can inform but absence of AAEC bars a DG inquiry.

Bid rigging in public tender bids-common IPs, call records and shared EMD led to s.3(3) breach upheld.

Coal handling charges at port found imposed through mandatory coordination fees; impugned order set aside and remitted.

Use of Crystalline Durability Admixture in heavy infrastructure projects: nationwide market accepted, no dominance or anti-competitive conduct found, appeal dismissed

Abuse of dominance investigation notice requirement clarified: no initial notice if no prima facie case; informant need not be heard.

WhatsApp user data sharing for advertising and other non-essential purposes-clarification allowed requiring express, revocable opt-in/opt-out consent

Mandatory Bail Conditions under PMLA require proof that proceeds are not involved before bail; application denied.

Provisional attachment confirmed where charge sheet plus corroborative investigative material establish a prima facie link to proceeds of crime.

Reason to believe standard upheld; arrest and remand under PMLA sustained where tangible investigative material existed.

Proceeds of crime linkage: complaint alleging property derived from scheduled offences meets prima facie threshold and warrants trial.

Attachment under PMLA: tribunal refused interim return of funds to avoid dissipation and preserve appeal outcome.

Provisional attachment under PMLA sustained where property derived from commissions in an illicit scheme; attachments confirmed.

Port services classification for vessel water supply sustained, tax demand and extended limitation upheld while wilful-evasion penalty remitted.

VCES discharge bars subsequent tax demands or proceedings when a declaration is accepted and overlaps with declared liability.

Section 80 protection where reasonable cause, disclosure and voluntary tax payment leads to waiver of penalties under Finance Act.

Reverse Charge on GTA services: separately stated transportation charges are distinct and not includible in clearing and forwarding service value.

Extended limitation and penalty: recovery upheld where collected service tax was not disclosed or deposited by the assessee.

Trading discounts excluded from service tax when demonstrably linked to sales; disputed sums remanded for verification and recalculation.

No finding of suppression means excise penalties cannot be imposed; clubbing issue remanded pending apex decision.

Input Service eligibility under Rule 2(l) upheld; demand for disclosed CENVAT credit held time barred due to limitation.

Capacity based Excise Levy upheld as intra vires; rules permit machine based capacity determination and verification without interim relief.

Cenvat credit denial overturned where circumstantial evidence failed and contemporaneous records upheld the credit entitlement.

Evidentiary weight of on-site records upheld; clandestine removals sustained while third-party records excluded and director penalty set aside.

Manufacturer liability determined by identity of manufacturer; supplier of inputs not liable where independent contractor manufactures and supplies RMC.

Year-wise settlement scheme prevents cross-year refund adjustments; refund restored and subsequent year settlement must proceed without adjustment.

Burden of Proof in Input Tax Credit requiring specified transaction particulars; remand directed to reassess under Supreme Court guidance.

Admission of fresh evidence with alleged natural justice breach requires remand to the original authority for fresh evaluation and opportunity.

Condonation of Delay requires specific satisfactory explanation; routine file movements or officer changes are insufficient, so petition dismissed.

Condonation of Delay: unexplained inordinate delay barred review; no arguable error or miscarriage of justice found on merits.

Reference of question of law: court may decline to answer when the referring party and others show no interest.

Scheme of demerger asset vesting prevents attachment for demerged company's tax; attachment allowed only for resulting company's own liability

Appeals dismissed as not pressed; properties treated as commercial establishments excluded from "assets" under Section 2(ea) Wealth Tax Act

Land loses wealth tax exemption during construction period under Section 2(ea) - exemption only applies after completion

Rental income from land plots cannot be denied based on later verification findings from different assessment year

ITAT recalls ex parte wealth tax orders after representative's death created compelling circumstances under Rule 24

Section 16(1) intimations under Wealth Tax Act constitute orders subject to revision under Section 25

Presumption of debt did not arise where cheques lacked particulars and relied documents were fabricated, so complaints quashed.

Inherent jurisdiction cannot quash a cheque-bounce complaint where disputed facts and document authenticity require trial.

Limitation and contractual preconditions restrict invocation of security cheques; late presentation and defective authorization quashed proceedings.

Evidence Corroboration: conviction under Prevention of Corruption Act sustained on pre trap procedures and marked note recovery despite absence of certified recordings.

Abuse of process in successive criminal registrations justified bail and protective restraint on coercive action pending investigation.

Clarity of judicial directions: contempt cannot enforce vague orders; parties may challenge executive orders by writ for clear compliance directions.