Scandal in pleadings: offensive but irrelevant allegations are barred, while material accusations may be pleaded. Scandal in pleadings denotes allegations offensive to court dignity or decency that charge a crime or attack moral character when unnecessary to the cause; an allegation is scandalous only if both objectionable in content and irrelevant to the issues. Conversely, allegations of false representation, fraud or immorality are permissible where material and necessary to establish a claim or defence.