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<h1>Administrative authorities must act in good faith without personal bias or improper motives when exercising discretionary powers</h1> Mala fides refers to absence of good faith, involving personal bias, improper motives, or ulterior purposes in administrative actions. Administrative authorities must act bona fide and avoid actions contrary to statutory requirements or proper exercise of discretion. Two key questions determine mala fides: whether personal bias or oblique motive exists, and whether administrative action contradicts valid exercise of power. Mere assertions are insufficient; mala fides must be proven through demonstrated facts and circumstances. Legal malice differs from actual malice - it encompasses wrongful acts without lawful excuse, while actual malice involves ill-will or spite. When attributed to the State, malice typically refers to legal malice rather than personal animosity.