Income-tax rates and surcharge framework updated, affecting slabs, TDS obligations and agricultural income computation. Sets progressive income-tax slabs and surcharge mechanisms for individuals, seniors, co-operative societies, firms, local authorities and companies; prescribes specified withholding tax rates for residents, non-residents and companies across categories (interest, royalties, technical fees, winnings, capital gains) with surcharge additions where aggregate payments exceed thresholds; provides rates for charging tax, salary deductions and advance tax computation; and establishes rules for computing net agricultural income including special valuation rules for tea, rubber and coffee, loss set-off across specified prior years, deduction of state agricultural taxes, and administrative assessment powers.