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<h1>Judges Can Question Witnesses, Order Documents Under Section 168, But Must Adhere to Evidence Rules and Exceptions.</h1> Section 168 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, grants judges the authority to question witnesses or parties and order the production of documents to uncover relevant facts. Parties cannot object to these questions or orders, nor cross-examine witnesses without court permission. However, judgments must rely on relevant, proven facts. Judges cannot compel witnesses to answer questions or produce documents they are entitled to withhold under sections 127 to 136, nor can they ask improper questions under sections 151 or 152. Primary evidence requirements cannot be waived except in specified exceptions.