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of <h1>Section 55: Oral Evidence Must Be Direct and Based on Personal Experience; Expert Opinions Require Special Conditions</h1> Oral evidence must be direct according to Section 55 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. Witnesses must testify to facts they have directly experienced through their senses, such as seeing or hearing. Opinions must be presented by the person who holds them, unless the opinion is from an expert whose treatise can be used if the expert is unavailable. The court may require the inspection of material objects related to the evidence, excluding documents, if necessary.
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