Adjudicating authority appointments under FEMA enable complaint based inquiries with civil court powers and expedited disposal obligations. The Central Government may appoint officers as Adjudicating Authorities and must specify their jurisdictions. Inquiries proceed only on a written complaint by an authorized officer; the accused is entitled to a reasonable hearing and may be represented by a legal practitioner or chartered accountant. Authorities may require a bond where evasion or absconding is feared, exercise civil court powers, have proceedings treated as judicial, and must endeavour to dispose of complaints expeditiously, recording reasons if disposals extend beyond the prescribed period.