Regulatory penalty authority expanded: Securities Board empowered to impose monetary penalties directly through senior officers. Clause 145 inserts 'or the Securities and Exchange Board of India' after 'Adjudicating officer' in section 23(1) of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, thereby enabling the Board to impose monetary penalties directly or through an authorised officer not below the rank of Division Chief, and thereby expressly conferring direct penalty-imposition authority on the Board.