Karta liability for family offences: karta deemed guilty unless due diligence proven; members also liable for consent or neglect. Offences by a Hindu undivided family render the karta deemed guilty and liable to prosecution, subject to a defence proving lack of knowledge or that all due diligence was exercised to prevent the offence. Independently, any member whose consent, connivance, or neglect is shown is also deemed guilty and liable to be proceeded against and punished.