Origin determination rules define product-specific tests and value-add thresholds for preferential trade under the CEPA. Product-specific origin criteria define qualifying tests for preferential treatment: key terms include WO (wholly obtained), CTH (change to this heading), CTSH (change to this subheading), CC (change to this chapter), SO (specific operations) and VA (value addition). VA is assessed on an FOB basis unless Ex Works is used (five percentage points lower); HS 71 uses FOB. A table maps HS chapters and tariff lines to the applicable PSR-WO, classification change tests, or VA thresholds-with a two year review obligation.