Debenture trustees and security charges ensure holder protection and enforceable remedies for secured debenture issues. Secured debentures generally must mature within ten years, be secured by a charge on company or related assets sufficient for repayment, and the company must appoint a debenture trustee and execute a trust deed within prescribed timeframes. Trustees must meet qualification criteria, be named in the offer with written consent, and may be removed only with large-holder approval. Trustees' duties include verifying offer consistency with the trust deed, ensuring creation and maintenance of security and Debenture Redemption Reserve, monitoring performance, communicating defaults, convening holder meetings, appointing a nominee director on specified defaults, and taking enforcement steps to protect debenture holders. Certain instruments and classes of issuers are exempted or subject to alternative regimes.