Chapter XIX exclusion applies to payments received by the International Rice Research Institute, subject to specified privileges and immunities condit...
Statutory presumption of smuggling for seized gold arises only on a reasonable belief supported by material rationally connected to smuggling; suspicion, absent documents, and domestic courier transport alone do not suffice. Inconclusive foreign origin, lack of foreign markings, an explanation of domestic melting, and unverified recipient or laboratory details may prevent the presumption from operating. Confiscation requires proof of illegal importation or a lawfully raised presumption; recovery at an airport cargo complex does not itself meet the requirements for concealment in imported packages or unauthorised removal from a customs area. Penal liability also requires a specific act or omission and knowledge or reason to believe that the gold was smuggled.
Statutory presumption of smuggling for seized gold arises only on a reasonable belief supported by material rationally connected to smuggling; suspicion, absent documents, and domestic courier transport alone do not suffice. Inconclusive foreign origin, lack of foreign markings, an explanation of domestic melting, and unverified recipient or laboratory details may prevent the presumption from operating. Confiscation requires proof of illegal importation or a lawfully raised presumption; recovery at an airport cargo complex does not itself meet the requirements for concealment in imported packages or unauthorised removal from a customs area. Penal liability also requires a specific act or omission and knowledge or reason to believe that the gold was smuggled.
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