Property dispute enmity and group armed attack causing deaths: common object under unlawful assembly upheld; convictions affirmed, appeal dismissed.

The dominant issue was whether the accused formed an unlawful assembly sharing a common object to commit the homicidal attack, attracting collective liability. SC held that longstanding enmity over a property dispute, the accused arriving together armed with deadly weapons, and the resulting deaths cumulatively established a preconcerted common object; consequently, HC's reversal of acquittal and conviction was upheld. A related issue was the reliability of eyewitnesses and alleged non-mention in the FIR. SC held that cogent testimony of injured and natural witnesses could not be discarded merely due to relationship with the deceased, and there is no legal requirement to name all witnesses in the FIR; the contention failed, and the appeal was dismissed.

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Issues Involved:
1. Acquittal by the trial court and subsequent conviction by the High Court.
2. Right of private defense u/s 100 IPC.
3. Powers of the High Court in an appeal against an order of acquittal u/s 378 CrPC.
4. Common object u/s 149 IPC.
5. Reliability of witness testimonies and FIR details.

Summary:

1. Acquittal by the trial court and subsequent conviction by the High Court:
The appellants were initially acquitted by the trial court of charges u/s 148, 302, 336, 337, 427 read with Section 149 IPC. The State's appeal led to the High Court convicting the appellants u/s 302/149 IPC, sentencing them to life imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 5,000 each, with an additional one-year rigorous imprisonment for default. They were also sentenced to one-year rigorous imprisonment for the offence u/s 148 IPC.

2. Right of private defense u/s 100 IPC:
The trial court acquitted the accused, finding that they acted in self-defense u/s 100 IPC. The court noted that the accused had received injuries and acted to protect their lives, thus their actions were not punishable u/s 96 IPC. However, the High Court found this reasoning flawed, determining that the accused were the aggressors and not acting in self-defense.

3. Powers of the High Court in an appeal against an order of acquittal u/s 378 CrPC:
The High Court has full powers to review evidence in an appeal against an acquittal. It can interfere if the trial court's view is improper or ignores admissible evidence. The High Court found the trial court's acquittal based on erroneous views and extraneous considerations, thus justifying its interference and conviction of the accused.

4. Common object u/s 149 IPC:
The High Court held that the accused shared a common object as contemplated by Section 149 IPC. The concerted attack with deadly weapons and the enmity between the parties over a dispute indicated a common object. The High Court found that the accused had a common object to attack the complainant party, leading to the death of three individuals.

5. Reliability of witness testimonies and FIR details:
The High Court found the testimonies of witnesses Kiran (PW7), Mukesh (PW12), and Jagdish (PW22) reliable and corroborated by the FIR and medical evidence. The High Court dismissed the appellants' argument that the FIR did not name all accused, noting that the FIR and witness statements consistently mentioned the accused. The court also found no merit in the argument against the credibility of Kiran (PW7), despite her name not being in the FIR, as her testimony was consistent and she had no reason to falsely implicate the accused.

Conclusion:
The appeal was dismissed, upholding the High Court's conviction of the appellants. The High Court's findings on the right of private defense, common object, and reliability of witness testimonies were affirmed.

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