Profiteering: exploiting scarcity or dominance to extract unfair prices prompts anti profiteering regulatory scrutiny and consumer protection focus. Profiteering is characterised as taking disproportionately large or unreasonable profit by exploiting scarcity, manipulating prices, or abusing a dominant position, especially regarding essential goods during emergencies; this conduct is framed as unethical and as triggering anti profiteering regulatory and consumer protection scrutiny.