Scientific research approval for companies requires Form No. 17 filing, audit compliance, genuine activity, and ongoing reporting safeguards. Approval of a company for deduction of expenditure on scientific research under section 45(3)(b) is to be granted by the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax on an application in Form No. 17, filed through the jurisdictional Commissioner within the prescribed time. The rule provides for defect removal, inquiry into genuineness, grant, rejection, invalidation, withdrawal, hearing, communication of orders, and a maximum effective period of five tax years. Approval is subject to use of sums for scientific research, maintenance of separate books, audit, annual statements on research activity, and reporting of non-compliance.