Withholding tax on large cash payments requires banks and post offices to deduct tax at source on qualifying cash withdrawals. Substitution of section 194N requires banking companies, cooperative societies carrying on banking business, and post offices to deduct tax at source at specified rates when cash payments to a recipient from one or more of the recipient's accounts exceed the statutory threshold during the previous year; higher rates and lower thresholds apply where the recipient has not filed returns for the three relevant assessment years, and specified exemptions and powers for Central Government notifications in consultation with the Reserve Bank of India are provided.