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Pre-notice hearing requirement: show cause with disclosed information, supervisory approval required before reassessment notices.
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Reassessment powers expand to permit assessment of escaped income and collateral issues even where certain procedural steps were missed.
Clause 279 empowers the Assessing Officer to assess or reassess income and recompute losses, depreciation and other allowances where income escaping assessment is identified, substitutes "tax year" for "assessment year," and, while making AO's powers subject to sections 280-286, permits assessment of other issues that emerge during proceedings even if specified procedural sections were not complied with, thereby prioritising substantive tax determination over technical procedural infirmities.
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Timing of income recognition: interest on compensation taxed on receipt; escalation claims taxed on reasonable certainty of realisation.
Clause 278 deems interest on compensation or enhanced compensation taxable in the tax year of actual receipt, treats escalation claims and export incentives as income when reasonable certainty of realisation is achieved, and taxes specified incomes under section 2(49)(w) on receipt if not earlier charged, thereby aligning taxability with receipt or demonstrable certainty and aiming to prevent timing gaps while leaving factual application issues like allocation and evidentiary standards to further guidance.
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Inventory valuation rules require ICDS aligned costing, inclusion of statutory levies, and category wise securities valuation for tax computation.
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Dispute Resolution Panel mechanism: statutory draft-order review with binding, reasoned directions and strict timelines for tax variations.
Clause 275 establishes a DRP mechanism requiring the AO to forward draft assessment orders with prejudicial variations to eligible assessees; assessees have thirty days to accept or object. The DRP, a collegium of three senior officers, may issue written, reasoned directions (confirming, reducing, or enhancing variations) within nine months; such directions are binding on the AO. The clause updates cross-references, vests rule-making power in the Board, and excludes specified proceedings and persons, while omitting an explicit statutory scheme for faceless DRP proceedings.
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Impermissible avoidance arrangements: GAAR procedure mandates reference, Approving Panel review, and binding directions with safeguards.
Clause 274 creates a multi-stage GAAR procedure: the Assessing Officer may refer suspected impermissible avoidance arrangements to the Principal Commissioner/Commissioner, who must notify the assessee and allow objections; absent or unsatisfactory responses permit directions or escalation to an independent Approving Panel. The Approving Panel, composed of a High Court judge, a senior revenue officer, and an academic, may summon evidence, hold hearings, and issue binding directions within set timelines; such directions are final under the Act, subject only to constitutional judicial review.
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Faceless assessment set as statutory default under proposed bill, expanding electronic non-contact tax assessments and procedural framework.
Clause 273 makes faceless assessment the statutory default for specified assessments, empowers the Board to define applicability, establishes a National Faceless Assessment Centre with Assessment, Verification, Technical and Review Units, assigns distinct functions to each unit to minimize discretion, mandates electronic communications via the NFAC, and contemplates transfers to the jurisdictional officer where faceless procedure is unsuitable, with procedural details to be prescribed by the Board.
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Supervisory power of Joint Commissioner permits binding directions in pending assessments, with a hearing before any prejudicial direction.
Clause 272 empowers the Joint Commissioner to intervene in any pending assessment by suo motu action, AO reference, or assessee application, to call for records and issue directions that are binding on the Assessing Officer where deemed necessary or expedient; no direction prejudicial to the assessee may be issued without an opportunity of being heard, while directions prescribing lines of investigation are not treated as prejudicial.
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Best judgment assessment: requirement of notice and opportunity to be heard before AO determines taxpayer's liability under reformed assessment framework.
Clause 271 creates a mechanism for best judgment assessment where the AO may assess income or loss when an assessee defaults on filing returns or complying with statutory notices; the AO must consider all relevant materials, issue a show cause notice affording an opportunity of being heard (subject to an exception where an earlier notice suffices), and determine the sum payable based on his best judgment, with certain interpretative ambiguities left for administrative or judicial clarification.
Act Rules Bills
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Assessment procedure modernization strengthens mandatory intimation and centralized processing, enhancing taxpayer engagement and procedural certainty.
Clause 270 modernises return assessment by allowing specified prima facie adjustments (arithmetical errors, incorrect claims apparent from the return, late loss set-off, audit discrepancies, late deductions) only after mandatory written or electronic intimation and consideration of the assessee's response; acknowledges deemed intimation where no adjustment arises; fixes an outer deadline for intimation; permits authorised officers to select cases for scrutiny within a prescribed period and requires written assessment orders after evidence is considered; and provides safeguards for exempt entities and non-profits while enabling centralised, technology-driven processing schemes.
Act Rules Bills
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Faceless tax administration: broad power to frame schemes and modify statutory application for digitalised tax processes.
Clause 532 authorises the Central Government to make schemes by notification for any purpose under the Income Tax Bill, 2025, aiming to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accountability by reducing taxpayer-official interface and optimising resource utilisation. For implementation, the Government may issue notifications that disapply or modify provisions of the Act, and may amend schemes previously framed under the 1961 Act; every such notification must be laid before each House of Parliament. The Board may be empowered to make schemes subject to control of the Central Government.
Act Rules Bills
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Valuation references: statutory regime for Valuation Officer reports, with procedural safeguards and enforceable reporting timelines.
Clause 269 empowers the Assessing Officer to refer estimation of value of any asset, property, or investment to a Valuation Officer, who must consider all evidence, provide an opportunity to be heard, inspect premises with prescribed notice, and submit a valuation report to the AO and assessee; the VO may make a best judgment assessment if the assessee fails to cooperate and may rectify mistakes apparent from the record, while the AO may use the report after affording the assessee a hearing.
Act Rules Bills
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Inquiry before assessment: AO empowered to call for documents and order special audits, with senior approval and procedural safeguards.
Clause 268 creates a structured regime for Inquiry before assessment granting the Assessing Officer power to call for returns, accounts, documents and statements of assets and liabilities, subject to prior senior approval for intrusive disclosures and temporal limits on record production. It authorises special audits and inventory valuations with nominated professionals, mandates standardised forms and verifications, provides time limits for reports with limited extensions, secures the assessee's right to be heard before use of inquiry material in assessment, and shifts audit/valuation expenses to the Central Government under prescribed guidelines.
Act Rules Bills
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Updated return taxation requires prior payment of tax, interest, fees and graded additional tax before filing an updated return.
Clause 267 requires prior payment of tax, interest, fee and a graded additional income-tax before filing an updated return, prescribes allowable credits and reliefs to determine net liability (including advance tax, TDS/TCS, foreign tax reliefs and specified tax credits), treats refunds and earlier credits to prevent double benefit, mandates proof of payment with the updated return, clarifies interest computation on assessed tax under the new code, and empowers the administration to issue implementation guidelines subject to a time-limited sunset and parliamentary oversight.
Act Rules Bills
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Self-assessment obligation: pay tax, interest and fees before filing return, with proof, or face default consequences.
Clause 266 requires payment, before filing the return, of any tax payable together with interest and fee and proof of such payment; payments short are appropriated in the order fee, then interest, then tax; interest is computed after reducing advance tax, TDS/TCS and specified reliefs and credits; ''assessed tax'' is defined as tax on returned income reduced by those credits and reliefs; failure to pay renders the assessee an assessee in default and triggers recovery and penal consequences without prejudice to other liabilities.
Act Rules Bills
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Verification of returns: clarified authorised signatories and integration of insolvency professionals, with some procedural ambiguities remaining.
Clause 265 modernises verification of returns by enumerating, in tabular form, the persons authorised to verify returns for specified taxpayer categories, preserving traditional authorities (individual, Karta, managing/designated partner, principal officer, CEO) while incorporating insolvency professionals for entities under insolvency. The Bill omits an explicit "absence from India" reference for individuals and does not expressly require attachment of powers of attorney for non-resident companies, raising potential evidentiary and interpretive issues. The provision allows designation of "other persons as prescribed," aligning the statute with Rule 12AA but requiring careful subordinate rule-making.
Act Rules Bills
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Electronic filing rules broaden CBDT authority to require verification, disclosures, and secure transmission for tax returns.
Clause 263(2)(a) expands CBDT rule-making authority over procedural return-filing aspects by authorising prescription of classes of persons, the form and manner of furnishing returns, methods of verification, supporting documentation requirements (including post-filing production), and the technological resources or electronic records for transmission, thereby enabling broader disclosures, digital authentication, and integration with other databases to support data-driven compliance.
Act Rules Bills
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Return filing modernization enables rulemaking for electronic forms, verification, and document on demand in a risk based regime.
Clause 263(2)(a) empowers the Board to prescribe the form, manner, verification and electronic transmission of returns, to specify which supporting documents need not accompany the return but must be produced on demand, and to require prescribed particulars in returns (such as exempt income, specified assets, bank and card details, high value expenditures, audit reports and business or partner details), thereby enabling a risk based, post filing verification regime and differentiated electronic filing requirements for classes of taxpayers.

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Filing of statement of donation by donee to cross-check claim of donation by donor

1 February, 2020

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Budget 2020-21 + FINANCE BILL, 2020

Filing of statement of donation by donee to cross-check claim of donation by donor

It may further be mentioned that certain provisions of the Act provide that an exempt entity may accept donations or certain sum for utilisation towards their objects or activities in respect of which the payer, being the donor, gets deduction in computation of his income. At present, there is no reporting obligation by the exempt entity receiving donation/ any sum in respect of such donation/ sum. With the advancement in technology, it is now feasible to standardise the process through which one-to-one matching between what is received by the exempt entity and what is claimed as deduction by the assessee.

This standardisation may be similar to the provisions relating to the tax collection/ deduction at source, which already exist in the Act. Therefore, the entities receiving donation/ sum may be made to furnish a statement in respect thereof, and to issue a certificate to the donor/ payer and the claim for deduction to the donor/ payer may be allowed on that basis only. In order to ensure proper filing of the statement, levy of a fee and penalty may also be provided in cases where there is failure to furnish the statement.

Hence, it is proposed to amend relevant provisions of the Act to provide that,-

(i) similar to exemptions under clauses (1) and (23C), exemption under clause (46) of section 10 shall be allowed to an entity even if it is registered under section 12AA subject to the condition that the registration shall become inoperative. If the entity wishes to make it operative in the future, it will have to file an application and then it would not be entitled for deduction under clause (46) from the date on which the registration becomes operative.

(ii) the registration under section 12AA would also become inoperative in case of an entity exempt under clause (23C) of section 10 as well, to have uniformity. The condition about making it operative again would also be similar to what is proposed for clause (46) of section 10.

(iii) an entity approved, registered or notified under clause (23C) of section 10, section 12AA or section 35 of the Act, as the case may be, shall be required to apply for approval or registration or intimate regarding it being approved, as the case may be, and on doing so, the approval, registration or notification in respect of the entity shall be valid for a period not exceeding five previous years at one time calculated from 1st April, 2020.

(iv) an entity already approved under section 80G shall also be required to apply for approval and on doing so, the approval, registration or notification in respect of the entity shall be valid for a period not exceeding five years at one time.

(v) application for approval under section 80G shall be made to Principal Commissioner or Commissioner.

(vi) an entity making fresh application for approval under clause (23C) of section 10, for registration under section 12AA, for approval under section 80G shall be provisionally approved or registered for three years on the basis of application without detailed enquiry even in the cases where activities of the entity are yet to begin and then it has to apply again for approval or registration which, if granted, shall be valid from the date of such provisional registration. The application of registration subsequent to provisional registration should be at least six months prior to expiry of provisional registration or within six months of start of activities, whichever is earlier.

(vii) the application pending for approval, registration, as the case may be, shall be treated as application in accordance with the new provisions, wherever they are being provided for.

(viii) deduction under section 80G/ 80GGA to a donor shall be allowed only if a statement is furnished by the donee who shall be required to furnish a statement in respect of donations received and in the event of failure to do so, fee and penalty shall be levied.

(ix) similar to section 80G of the Act, deduction of cash donation under section 80GGA shall be restricted to ₹ 2,000/- only.

These amendments will take effect from 1st June, 2020.

[Clauses 7,9,11,12,17,33,34,61,94,96 & 99]

 

 


Budget 2020-21 + FINANCE BILL, 2020

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Acts Income Tax