<h1>Infrastructure capital expenditure growth drives expansion of power, water, sanitation, housing and urban transport, urging enhanced public private participation.</h1> The Union Government's capital expenditure on key infrastructure sectors rose significantly from 2019-20 to 2023-24, with spending momentum strengthening in mid-2024; this supported expansion across power (including renewable additions and improved supply reliability), rural water access under the Jal Jeevan Mission, sanitation progress to ODF Plus, urban housing and transport projects, and city development missions, while the Survey stresses the need for enhanced private participation and improved project management capacities to sustain delivery.