<h1>Vector surveillance urged after discovery of multiple blood sucking Culicoides species capable of transmitting livestock disease.</h1> Researchers recorded twenty three Culicoides species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, including multiple records new to India and five species capable of transmitting Blue Tongue virus. Seventeen species were observed biting humans though no human disease transmission has been reported. The study emphasizes the need for sustained vector surveillance, targeted control measures, and population and genetic studies to assess distribution, vector capacity, and risks to livestock health and the regional agricultural economy.