Educational approval requires mandatory State registration, but incidental surplus and trustee-owned land do not prove private benefit or profit motiv...
Judicial review of settlement orders cannot reopen settled customs notices, while statutory interest remains subject to verification and quantificatio...
Customs Broker licence lending for consideration justified revocation where exporter authorisation and client verification obligations were also breac...
Fraudulent import documents suspend limitation protection, while redemption of confiscated goods requires duty and interest despite bona fide purchase...
ODR arbitration participation remains mandatory after failed conciliation, while jurisdictional and maintainability objections stay available before t...
Transparency in technical bid evaluation requires disclosed standards and recorded reasons; opaque scoring invalidated tender awards and required fres...
In transfer pricing for export of data processing and office support services, comparability must be tested on both export turnover and functional similarity. Cepha Imaging Pvt. Ltd. could not be accepted or rejected merely by verifying export turnover; the Tribunal was required to examine whether its e-publishing activity was functionally comparable to IT-enabled services, especially in light of the CBDT notification excluding e-publishing. CG Vak Software & Exports Ltd. was also held to be an unsuitable comparable because the extreme disparity in turnover and scale of operations materially affected comparability. The TPO was therefore directed to reassess Cepha Imaging on functional similarity and CG Vak was excluded as a comparable.
In transfer pricing for export of data processing and office support services, comparability must be tested on both export turnover and functional similarity. Cepha Imaging Pvt. Ltd. could not be accepted or rejected merely by verifying export turnover; the Tribunal was required to examine whether its e-publishing activity was functionally comparable to IT-enabled services, especially in light of the CBDT notification excluding e-publishing. CG Vak Software & Exports Ltd. was also held to be an unsuitable comparable because the extreme disparity in turnover and scale of operations materially affected comparability. The TPO was therefore directed to reassess Cepha Imaging on functional similarity and CG Vak was excluded as a comparable.
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