Transfer pricing comparables must match both functional similarity and scale of operations; turnover mismatch can exclude a company.

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....In transfer pricing for export of data processing and office support services, comparability must be tested on both export turnover and functional similarity. Cepha Imaging Pvt. Ltd. could not be accepted or rejected merely by verifying export turnover; the Tribunal was required to examine whether its e-publishing activity was functionally comparable to IT-enabled services, especially in light of the CBDT notification excluding e-publishing. CG Vak Software & Exports Ltd. was also held to be an unsuitable comparable because the extreme disparity in turnover and scale of operations materially affected comparability. The TPO was therefore directed to reassess Cepha Imaging on functional similarity and CG Vak was excluded as a comparable.....