Brand promotion expenditure requires an established associated-enterprise arrangement for transfer pricing, while management cross-charges must accoun...
Reassessment after the ordinary limitation period requires the escaped-income threshold and independent sanction, without expanding jurisdiction throu...
Transfer pricing comparability requires turnover and functional analysis, alongside rules on exempt-income disallowance and amalgamation goodwill depr...
Production of a subsequent board resolution acknowledging authorisation and ratifying a company representative's acts may be permitted after cross-examination, despite a challenge to the original authority to institute the suit. Procedural rules should advance justice without allowing curable irregularities to defeat substantive rights. Authority to institute a corporate suit is distinct from authority to sign and verify pleadings, but that distinction does not itself justify refusing production. The resolution's validity and legal effect should not be prejudged at the production stage; its admissibility and effect on the suit's maintainability remain for determination on the merits.
Production of a subsequent board resolution acknowledging authorisation and ratifying a company representative's acts may be permitted after cross-examination, despite a challenge to the original authority to institute the suit. Procedural rules should advance justice without allowing curable irregularities to defeat substantive rights. Authority to institute a corporate suit is distinct from authority to sign and verify pleadings, but that distinction does not itself justify refusing production. The resolution's validity and legal effect should not be prejudged at the production stage; its admissibility and effect on the suit's maintainability remain for determination on the merits.
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