Infrastructure-development deduction remains available to EPC contractors when substantive statutory conditions outweigh contractor labels in agreemen...
Explained Investment Sources: documented gifts and traceable salary savings supported deletion of additions for property and mutual-fund SIP investmen...
Internal comparable pricing supports arm's-length interest on compulsorily convertible debentures, preventing their recharacterisation as equity for t...
Nominee director protection shields independent financial-institution appointees from criminal liability where they lack involvement in deposit defaul...
Rejection of books of account may be sustained where primary books, bills and vouchers are repeatedly not produced; an audit report does not replace records required for verification. Best-judgment disallowance of unverifiable expenditure must nevertheless rest on relevant material and bear a reasonable nexus to it, rather than amounting to a pure guess. Rejection of accounts alone does not justify an addition, and acceptance of recorded receipts or absence of objection to a proposed rate cannot supply evidentiary reasons. Adjacent-year audited financial statements, books and vouchers may be verified for fresh quantification after hearing.
Rejection of books of account may be sustained where primary books, bills and vouchers are repeatedly not produced; an audit report does not replace records required for verification. Best-judgment disallowance of unverifiable expenditure must nevertheless rest on relevant material and bear a reasonable nexus to it, rather than amounting to a pure guess. Rejection of accounts alone does not justify an addition, and acceptance of recorded receipts or absence of objection to a proposed rate cannot supply evidentiary reasons. Adjacent-year audited financial statements, books and vouchers may be verified for fresh quantification after hearing.
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