Service of notice and contractual debt acknowledgment preserved insolvency admission against a corporate guarantor despite limitation and natural just...
Original works exemption excludes standalone boulder transportation, leaving subcontracted railway-project transport services subject to service tax l...
Annual production capacity determinations excluding stenter galleries support refunds for unconstitutional excise levies without an unjust-enrichment ...
Vicarious liability for cheque dishonour requires specific allegations of responsibility and cheque signatory; generic director allegations cannot sus...
Admission of cheque execution and signatures on the cheque and money receipt triggered the presumptions of consideration and legally enforceable debt under the Negotiable Instruments Act. Questions concerning the complainant's financial capacity and an alleged breach of income-tax rules on cash loans did not rebut those presumptions without cogent and reliable evidence. The cheque-dishonour conviction was therefore sustained. A succeeding Magistrate could decide the matter on evidence recorded by the predecessor because the prosecution proceeded as a summons trial, not a summary trial; the statutory restriction on successor Magistrates was consequently inapplicable. The criminal revision was dismissed, and surrender was directed for the remaining sentence.
Admission of cheque execution and signatures on the cheque and money receipt triggered the presumptions of consideration and legally enforceable debt under the Negotiable Instruments Act. Questions concerning the complainant's financial capacity and an alleged breach of income-tax rules on cash loans did not rebut those presumptions without cogent and reliable evidence. The cheque-dishonour conviction was therefore sustained. A succeeding Magistrate could decide the matter on evidence recorded by the predecessor because the prosecution proceeded as a summons trial, not a summary trial; the statutory restriction on successor Magistrates was consequently inapplicable. The criminal revision was dismissed, and surrender was directed for the remaining sentence.
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