COVID-19-related fixed overheads incurred during lockdown to...

COVID-19-related fixed overheads incurred during lockdown to retain employees and maintain business continuity were treated as extraordinary, non-operating costs and excluded from the tested party's operating cost for TNMM profitability analysis. Capacity underutilisation may warrant an adjustment; where comparable companies' data is not publicly available, transfer-pricing authorities should obtain it before determining the adjustment. Transfer-pricing adjustments under Chapter X are confined to international transactions with associated enterprises and cannot extend to unrelated-party transactions. Bad-debt double-addition claims require verification where the amount was allegedly already offered to tax. Working-capital adjustments require evidence that differences materially affected price, cost or profits; absent that evidence, reconsideration depends on furnishing supporting particulars.