Primary evidence requires production of the document itself, while counterparts and uniform-process reproductions may independently prove specified contents.

Primary evidence consists of the document itself produced for the court's inspection. Each part of a document executed in several parts is primary evidence, and each executed counterpart is primary evidence against its executing parties. Documents produced through one uniform process, such as printing, lithography or photography, are primary evidence of each other's contents. Copies made from a common original, however, are not primary evidence of that original's contents.

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