Delay in filing a statutory appeal was condoned in view of the disputed tax liability and the pre-deposit made with the appeal, allowing the appellate remedy to be pursued on merits. As the appeal was directed to be decided on merits, the consequential bank recovery notice could not continue and was quashed. The underlying tax liability remains open for determination by the appellate authority.

Statutory appellate remedy against an order-in-original and consequential recovery action remains available where the petitioner is permitted to file an appeal with the required pre-deposit and an application for condonation of delay. The petitioner was granted two weeks to file the appeal, while coercive recovery action was restrained during that period. The writ petition was disposed of accordingly.

Concessional IGST at 0.1% for merchant-export supplies under Notification 41/2017 requires strict compliance with prescribed conditions, including supply and movement of goods between the registered supplier and registered recipient. The Supreme Court declined to interfere under Article 136 with the judgment concerning eligibility for the concessional rate and dismissed the special leave petition.

The Supreme Court declined to interfere with the High Court's order concerning condonation of a 418-day delay in filing a writ appeal against a single judge's order. The special leave petition was dismissed, leaving the High Court's judgment undisturbed.

Foreign capital inflows supported a marginal strengthening of the rupee against the US dollar despite global risk aversion arising from uncertainty surrounding negotiations affecting the Strait of Hormuz. Higher crude oil prices and weak domestic equity sentiment remained relevant pressures. Near-term currency movement was expected to depend on developments in the negotiations, weekend decisions, US employment data, the dollar index, crude oil prices, and the reported increase in foreign exchange reserves.

Section 223 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 is described as requiring a meaningful pre-cognizance opportunity for a proposed accused in a private complaint, including access to complaint materials and consideration of objections before process is issued. The text distinguishes this notice from post-cognizance summons and states that later objections cannot cure a reversed sequence. Where the proposed accused resides outside territorial jurisdiction, Section 225 is presented as requiring postponement of process and inquiry into jurisdiction, publication, consequences and parallel proceedings. It also highlights strict procedural safeguards where criminal defamation concerns political criticism of official action, while leaving merits and defences open.

Multiple FIRs arising from the same occurrence or transaction require a single comprehensive investigation; additional material should be addressed through further investigation and supplementary reports rather than parallel proceedings. Applying this principle to allegations concerning homebuyer payments, non-delivery of properties and alleged fund diversion, the Delhi EOW FIR was directed to be transferred and clubbed with the Haryana FIR for investigation in accordance with law. A blanket prospective restraint on coercive action in respect of future FIRs was not considered legally permissible; any future FIR remains subject to remedies available under law.

Construction of residential complex services rendered by a builder or authorised person became taxable only from 1 July 2010; therefore, no service tax was payable for the disputed pre-taxability period and the demand was unsustainable. A demand also could not be confirmed under the statutory provision for confirmation when the show cause notice had not invoked the prerequisite demand provision, as this exceeded the notice's scope. The service-tax demand and consequential interest and penalties were set aside.

Foreign tax credit was denied solely because Form No. 67 was filed after the due date under section 139(1), and the rectification process did not provide the taxpayer a hearing. Denial on that basis was treated as unjustified in the circumstances described. The foreign tax credit claim must be reconsidered after granting the taxpayer a reasonable opportunity of hearing; the merits and quantum of the credit remain undecided.

A minor, estimated stock discrepancy detected during survey does not by itself establish concealment of income or furnishing of inaccurate particulars. Where the variation may reasonably arise from differing weighing scales, stock-recording methods, and an approximate valuation, its treatment as unexplained investment in quantum proceedings is insufficient for penalty purposes. Penalty proceedings under Section 271(1)(c) are separate and quasi-criminal, requiring proof beyond mere acceptance of an addition or rejection of an explanation. On these stated principles, the penalty was considered unsustainable and directed to be deleted.

Prior approval under Section 153D is a statutory safeguard against unjust, improper, illegal or arbitrary assessment and requires independent consideration of draft assessment orders, assessment records, seized material, statements, submissions and applicable law. Approvals granted for numerous cases within an extremely short period, largely on the day they were sought, without material showing prior deliberation, are described as mechanical and lacking independent application of mind. Such invalid approvals vitiate the assessment proceedings and render the resulting assessments liable to annulment.

A co-operative credit society whose membership was confined to specified employees qualified for deduction under section 80P(2)(a)(i) on surplus from credit facilities provided to members. Its bye-laws and records did not show nominal members, deposits from non-members, or lending to non-members; enrolment fees were received from members. As contributors and participators in the common fund were identical, the mutuality-distinguishing facts present in the revenue's cited precedent were absent. The deduction was also accepted in a later scrutiny assessment without changes in activities, membership, or bye-laws.

Interest earned by a co-operative society on deposits with a co-operative bank registered as a co-operative society qualifies for deduction under section 80P(2)(d). Where the recipient bank is registered under the applicable co-operative societies law, binding jurisdictional High Court precedent supports treating the interest as income derived from investments with another co-operative society. Decisions based on different factual settings do not alter this position. The deduction is therefore available for such deposit interest, subject to the bank's status as a registered co-operative society.

Ad hoc disallowance of professional fees is unsupported where no specific expense is shown not to have been incurred wholly and exclusively for business. Trade-incentive and brand-promotion costs incurred to promote product sales remain revenue expenditure despite any incidental enduring brand benefit. Premises-sharing and third-party letting receipts are treated as income from other sources where that classification applies; notional rent cannot be assessed without evidence of actual receipt or accrual. Building and common expenditure incurred wholly and exclusively to earn such income is deductible under the applicable provisions for income from other sources. Transfer-pricing grounds were not considered on merits because they were not pressed.

For payments chargeable to tax, Form No. 145 must be furnished in Part A where aggregate payments during the tax year do not exceed Rs. 5 lakh; in Part B where payments exceed that threshold and an Assessing Officer's certificate or order is obtained; or in Part C where payments exceed the threshold and an accountant's certificate in Form No. 146 is obtained. Non-chargeable payments require disclosure in Part D, subject to specified exemptions. Authorised dealers and eligible IFSC Units must furnish quarterly remittance statements within 15 days after the relevant quarter.

A retrospective statutory amendment changes the applicable law but does not, by itself, justify review of a matter conclusively decided under the pre-amendment law. The amendment is therefore not a sufficient ground to reopen a previously decided matter through review.

Anti-dumping duty on Phthalic Anhydride classified under tariff item 2917 35 00 is continued on imports originating in or exported from the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Korea. The duty applies whether the goods are directly exported from those countries or are exported through another country, at the prescribed producer-neutral rates per metric tonne. The measure replaces the earlier notification and remains effective for five years from publication unless earlier revoked, superseded or amended. Duty is payable in Indian currency, using the applicable customs exchange rate on the bill-of-entry date.

The deadline for online applications seeking Tariff Rate Quota allocation under the India-United Kingdom Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement for calendar year 2026 is extended to 9 August 2026. All other conditions governing the application and allocation process under the earlier public notices remain unchanged, so applicants must continue to comply with those existing requirements.

Customs facilities provided through specified circulars issued under Section 143AA of the Customs Act to address maritime-route disruptions caused by the Strait of Hormuz closure remain valid until 30 June 2026. All existing terms, conditions and other facilities under those circulars remain unchanged, preserving the relief framework during the continuing disruption.

Provisional attachment of a fixed deposit could not be sustained where the deposit comprised cash placed under a Special Court's direction and remained in the custody of the Bureau of Prevention of Corruption. The appellant lacked the ability to transfer or otherwise deal with the deposit. Consequently, the statutory basis for apprehending a transfer or dealing intended to frustrate confiscation was absent, rendering both the provisional attachment and its confirmation unsustainable.