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Business deductions clarify allowable expenses, limiting interest capitalization and setting conditions for reserves and bond discounting.
Clause 32 specifies allowable business deductions including bona fide bonuses or commissions, capitalization of interest until asset use, pro rata discount deduction for zero coupon bonds, conditional deductions for contributions to credit guarantee funds and statutory corporation expenditures, limits on special reserves for financial entities, deduction of marked to market losses under prescribed standards, phased family planning capital deductions, agricultural purchase deductions within government price limits, animal loss adjustments, and transaction tax deductions where trading forms part of business income.
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Non-deductibility of expenses: new clause tightens TDS compliance, equalisation levy and partnership deduction limits.
Clause 35 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 prescribes categories of business or professional expenditures that are non-deductible, confirming taxes on income and related imposts are not deductible, disallowing deductions where TDS was not deducted or paid (subject to later allowance upon payment), denying deduction for cross-border salary payments lacking TDS compliance, treating equalisation levy and state-imposed charges as non-deductible, and conditioning deductions in partnerships and associations on authorization and prescribed limits to reinforce compliance and prevent tax avoidance.
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Apportionment of deductions clarifies business use limits and streamlines depreciation rules under the new income tax framework.
Clause 28 limits deductions for rent, local taxes, insurance and repairs to amounts wholly and exclusively for business use and permits apportionment by the Assessing Officer where use is mixed; Clause 33 creates a structured depreciation regime for tangible and intangible assets (excluding goodwill) including block of asset calculations, special provisions for new machinery and power generation assets, short use treatment, and rules on successor transactions.
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Business expenditure deductions: exclusions tightened to bar CSR, political ads, and payments tied to unlawful conduct.
Clause 34 requires that only expenditures incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes, not of a capital or personal nature and not falling within specified exclusions, are deductible. It expressly disallows deductions for expenditures linked to offenses or prohibited activities, corporate social responsibility obligations, and political-advertisement costs, and clarifies that benefits, perquisites, compounding payments, and settlements related to unlawful conduct are non-deductible.
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Business income deductions clarified and modernized, expanding allowable items and tightening conditions for claiming them.
Clause 32 prescribes a list of allowable other deductions for business income computation, covering employee bonuses and commissions, interest on borrowed capital (with exclusions until assets are in use), contributions to specified credit guarantee funds, pro rata discount on zero coupon instruments, amounts carried to special reserves by defined financial entities, non-capital expenditure by notified statutory corporations, cooperative society purchase expenditure, marked to market or expected losses, family planning expenditures by companies, cost of animals used in business adjusted for carcass receipts, and transaction taxes where income is included in business profits.
Act Rules Bills
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Bad debt deductions: new limits and conditions for financial institutions, distinguishing rural-advance treatment and recovery rules.
Clause 31 of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 creates a structured regime for deductions for provisions for bad and doubtful debts and for bad debts written off, prescribing percentage-based deduction limits for specified financial institutions with an additional allowance for rural-branch advances; it requires that write-offs be reflected in income computations, provides for partial recovery treatment, and distinguishes provisions from actual bad debts while aligning deductions with accounting and disclosure standards.
Act Rules Bills
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Search and seizure powers expanded to permit access to digital records, enhancing tax enforcement while raising privacy concerns.
Clause 247 expands search and seizure authority to electronic media and digital records, authorising officers to access and seize emails, social media, trading and bank accounts where information indicates non production of documents or undisclosed assets; it modernises enforcement by treating digital records equivalently to physical evidence while raising privacy and misuse concerns that require procedural safeguards.
Act Rules Bills
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Insurance premium deductions permit tax relief for business stock, cattle insurance, and employer-paid health cover via non-cash payments.
Clause 30 permits deduction for premiums paid for insurance against damage or destruction of business stocks, for premiums by federal milk cooperative societies to insure the life of cattle of primary society members engaged in milk supply, and for employers' premiums for employee health insurance provided payment is made through non-cash modes under approved schemes.
Act Rules Bills
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Employee welfare deductions clarified: new limits, timing and eligibility for employer contributions under Clause 29.
Clause 29 prescribes conditions and limits for deducting employer contributions to recognized provident funds, approved superannuation funds, pension schemes (subject to a uniform percentage of salary including dearness allowance), and approved gratuity funds, sets the due date rules for employee contributions, and restricts deductions for provisions or contributions unless expressly authorised, thereby clarifying and refining the deductibility regime compared with current Sections 36 and 40A.
Act Rules Bills
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Employee welfare deductions clarified: permitted employer contributions to approved funds subject to prescribed limits and arm's-length scrutiny.
Deductions for employer contributions to specified employee welfare vehicles are permitted only when made to recognised or approved funds and in accordance with prescribed limits, timing and conditions; provision-only gratuity reserves are generally non-deductible unless conditions are met, and contributions to other funds or trusts are disallowed except as expressly allowed or required by law.
Act Rules Bills
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Tax deduction for agricultural and skill development projects streamlines incentives while barring duplicate claims under the Act.
Clause 47 permits deductions for expenditures on agricultural extension projects and for companies' skill development projects, excluding land and building costs, subject to Board notification and requisite documentation. It includes an express prohibition on claiming the same expenditure under any other provision of the Act for the same or any other tax year, consolidating and streamlining prior separate incentives while imposing compliance obligations to substantiate eligibility.
Act Rules Bills
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Site restoration fund deductions limited and conditional; misuse of withdrawals treated as taxable income under new regime.
Clause 49 and Schedule X create a Site Restoration Fund regime allowing deductions for deposits into specified accounts subject to caps and conditions: claims require a government agreement and audited accounts, deposits must be made by year-end, withdrawals are restricted to scheme purposes and misuse is taxed as income, expenditures funded by withdrawals are nondeductible, and disposals tied to the scheme within a set period reverse deductions and are taxed.
Act Rules Bills
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Capital expenditure deduction for specified businesses enables immediate full write-off, subject to eligibility, exclusivity and usage conditions.
Clause 46 permits full deduction of capital expenditure for a specified business in the year incurred, including pre-operational capitalized expenditure, subject to conditions: no splitting or reconstruction of existing businesses, prohibition on previously used machinery or plant, and, for certain sectors, fulfillment of regulatory approval and operational criteria; it bars claiming other deductions for the same expenditure and requires assets to be used exclusively for the specified business for at least eight years.
Act Rules Bills
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Amortization of preliminary expenses enables staged tax relief for businesses under the new income tax provision.
The clause permits staged deduction of specified preliminary expenses by allowing an Indian company or resident individual to deduct one fifth of eligible preliminary expenses in each of five successive tax years, subject to an overall ceiling computed at the option of the taxpayer against either project cost or capital employed; eligible expenditures include feasibility and project reports, market and engineering studies, legal charges and other prescribed preparatory costs, and a statement of expenditure must be furnished to the prescribed authority.
Act Rules Bills
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Amortisation of expenditure: Tax treatment extended to telecommunications, amalgamation, demerger and voluntary retirement schemes clarified.
Clause 52 provides for amortisation of expenditures: amalgamation or demerger costs and voluntary retirement payments are amortisable over five tax years from the tax year of the event or payment; spectrum and licence fees for telecommunication services are amortisable over the period the rights remain in force, beginning in the later of business commencement or payment year. It further addresses tax consequences on transfer of such rights and empowers the Assessing Officer to rectify income where deductions were incorrectly claimed.
Act Rules Bills
Show AI Summary
Research expenditure deductions expanded under new clause; certification and continuity rules affect pre commencement and institutional payments.
Clause 45 allows deductions for capital and revenue scientific research expenditures related to business, excluding land acquisition; permits certified pre commencement expenditures up to three years; allows payments to research associations, universities and approved companies; conditions claims on prescribed documentation and compliance; protects deductions when approvals are later withdrawn; and contains provisions on non duplication of deductions, depreciation applicability, and amalgamation asset treatment.
Act Rules Bills
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Depreciation rules modernized to clarify asset categories and additional allowances, affecting business tax deductions and compliance.
Clause 33 creates a unified regime for depreciation on tangible and intangible assets used in business or profession, excluding goodwill; mandates written down value treatment for a block of assets with proportional deductions for partial business use; halves rates for assets used less than 180 days; provides pro rata apportionment on succession, amalgamation and demerger; treats leasehold improvements as depreciable buildings; permits late claims and carry forward of unabsorbed depreciation; allows disposal deductions for written down value shortfalls; and grants additional depreciation for new machinery and plant in manufacturing and power generation.
Act Rules Bills
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Deductions for rent and repairs clarified: proportionate claims allowed for partial business use under new clause.
Clause 28 consolidates deductions for premises, machinery, plant, and furniture used wholly and exclusively for business or profession, allowing deductions for insurance premiums, local taxes, rent, and current (non-capital) repairs. It preserves tenant-specific rent and repair claims and imposes an explicit apportionment rule: where assets are not wholly used for business, deductions are limited to a fair proportionate part as determined by the Assessing Officer, thereby centralising assessment discretion and requiring supporting documentation for partial-use allocations.
Act Rules Bills
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Business income taxation modernisation clarifies taxable receipts and expands scope to include government-related compensations and non-monetary benefits.
Clause 26 restates chargeability of income under the head "Profits and gains of business or profession" for the tax year, replacing the term "previous year," and refines categories of taxable receipts by expressly including compensation for termination or contract vesting with government bodies, consolidating export incentives, recognizing non-monetary benefits, and preserving existing treatments for partner receipts, Keyman insurance proceeds, inventory-to-capital conversions, capital-asset sums, speculative transactions, and the exclusion of residential letting income.
Act Rules Bills
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Owner definition clarified in income tax reform, expanding deemed ownership and streamlining property tax provisions.
The Bill clarifies the owner concept for house property income taxation by expressly deeming transfers without adequate consideration to close relatives as ownership (with specified exceptions), streamlining provisions for impartible estates, cooperative society members, and part-performance rights, expanding categories of transactions that create ownership-like rights with specific lease-term criteria, and omitting prior references to annual and capital charge and service taxes to simplify the framework.

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AMENDMENTS IN THE FIRST SCHEDULE TO THE CUSTOMS TARIFF ACT, 1975

3 February, 2020

Contents
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Budget 2020-21 + FINANCE BILL, 2020

AMENDMENTS

A.

Tariff rate changes for Basic Customs Duty [to be effective from 02.02.2020] * [Clause 115 (a) of the Finance Bill, 2020]

Rate of Duty

S.No.

Heading, sub-heading, tariff item

Commodity

From

To

 

 

Food processing

 

 

1.

0802 32 00

Walnuts, shelled

30%

100%

 

 

Chemicals

 

 

2.

3824 99 00

Other Chemical products and preparations of the chemical or allied industries, not elsewhere specified

10%

17.5%

 

 

Footwear

 

 

3.

6401, 6402,

6403, 6404, 6405

Footwear

25%

35%

4.

6406

Parts of footwear

15%

20%

 

 

Household Items

 

 

5.

6911 10, 6911 90 20, 6911 90 90

Tableware, kitchenware, water filters (of a capacity not exceeding 40 litres) and other household articles, of porcelain of china.

10%

20%

6.

6912 00 10, 6912 00 20, 6912 00 40, 6912 00 90

Ceramic tableware, kitchen-ware, clay articles and other household articles

10%

20%

7.

7013

Glassware of a kind used for table, kitchen, toilet, office, indoor decoration or Similar purposes (other than that of heading 7010 or 7018)

10%

20%

8.

7323

Table kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof, of iron or steel, iron or steel wool; pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like, of iron or steel, including pressure cookers pans utensils, misc articles such as iron & steel wool, polishing pads, gloves etc.

10%

20%

9.

7418 10

Table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof, of copper; pot scourers and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like, of copper.

10%

20%

10.

7615 10

Table, kitchen or other household articles and parts thereof, of aluminum; pot scourer and scouring or polishing pads, gloves and the like, of aluminum.

10%

20%

11.

8301

Padlocks and locks (key, combination or electrically operated) of base metal; Clasps and frames with clasps, incorporating locks of base metals; keys for any of the foregoing articles, of base metals (Other than lock of a kind used for automobiles.)

10%

20%

12.

9603

Brooms, brushes, hand operated mechanical floor sweepers, not motorized, mops and feather dusters; prepared knots and tufts for broom or brush making; paint pads and rollers; Squeegees (other than roller squeegees).

10%

20%

13.

9604 00 00

Hand sieves and hand riddles.

10%

20%

14.

9615

Combs, hair-slides and the like, hairpins curling pins, curling grips, hair curlers and the like other than those of heading 8516 and parts thereof.

10%

20%

15.

9617

Vacuum flasks and other vacuum vessels, complete with cases; parts thereof other than glass inners.

10%

20%

16.

8414 51 10

Table Fans

10%

20%

17.

8414 51 20

Ceiling Fans

10%

20%

18.

8414 51 30

Pedestal Fans

10%

20%

19.

8414 59 20

Blowers, Portable

10%

20%

20.

8509 40 10

Food Grinders

10%

20%

21.

8509 40 90

Other grinders and Mixer

10%

20%

22.

8509 80 00

Other Appliances

10%

20%

23.

8510 10 00

Shavers

10%

20%

24.

8510 20 00

Hair Clippers

10%

20%

25.

8510 30 00

Hair-removing appliances

10%

20%

26.

8516 10 00

Water heaters and immersion heaters

10%

20%

27.

8516 21 00

Storage heating radiators

10%

20%

28.

8516 29 00

Other electrical space heating apparatus

10%

20%

29.

8516 31 00

Hair Dryers

10%

20%

30.

8516 32 00

Other hair dressing apparatus

10%

20%

31.

8516 33 00

Hand Drying apparatus

10%

20%

32.

8516 40 00

Electric smoothing irons

10%

20%

33.

8516 60 00

Other ovens, cookers, cooking plates, boiling rings, grillers and roasters

10%

20%

34.

8516 71 00

Coffee and Tea Makers

10%

20%

35.

8516 72 00

Toasters

10%

20%

36.

8516 79 10

Electro-thermic fluid heaters

10%

20%

37.

8516 79 20

Electrical or electronic devices for repelling insects

10%

20%

38.

8516 79 90

Other electro-thermic appliances used for domestic purposes

10%

20%

39.

8516 80 00

Electric heating resistors

10%

20%

 

 

Precious Metals

 

 

40.

7118

Coin

10%

20%

 

 

Machinery

 

 

41.

8414 51 40

Railway Carriage fans

7.5%

10%

42.

8414 51 90

Other fans with a self-contained electric motor not exceeding 125W

7.5%

20%

43.

8414 59 10

Air Circulator

7.5%

10%

44.

8414 59 30

Industrial fans blowers and similar blowers

7.5%

10%

45.

8414 59 9

Other industrial fans

7.5%

10%

46.

8414 30 00, 8414 80 11

Compressor of Refrigerator and Air conditioner

10%

12.5%

47.

8419 89 10

Pressure vessels

7.5%

10%

48.

8418 10 10

Commercial type combined refrigerator freezers, fitted separate external doors

7.5%

15%

49.

8418 30 10

Commercial freezer of chest type, not exceeding 800 litre capacity

7.5%

15%

50.

8418 30 90

Other chest type freezers

10%

15%

51.

8418 40 10

Electrical freezers of upright type, not exceeding 800 litre capacity

7.5%

15%

52.

8418 40 90

Other freezers of upright type, not exceeding 800 litre capacity

7.5%

15%

53.

8418 50 00

Refrigerating or freezing display counters, cabinets, Show-cases and the like

7.5%

15%

54.

8418 61 00

Heat pumps other than air conditioning machines

7.5%

15%

55.

8418 69 10

Ice making machinery

7.5%

15%

56.

8418 69 20

Water cooler

10%

15%

57.

8418 69 30

Vending machine, other than automatic

10%

15%

58.

8418 69 40

Refrigerating equipment/devices used in leather industry

7.5%

15%

59.

8418 69 50

Refrigerated farm tanks, industrial ice cream freezer

7.5%

15%

60.

8418 69 90

Others (like freezers of capacity 800 litres and more etc.]

7.5%

15%

61.

8515 (except 8515 90 00)

Welding and Plasma cutting machines

7.5%

15%

 

 

Other Electronic goods

 

 

62.

8504 40 (except 8404 40 21)

Static Converters

15%

20%

63.

8504 40 21

Dip bridge rectifier

10%

20%

64.

8517 70 10

Populated, loaded or stuffed printed circuit boards

10%

20%

 

 

Automobile and automobile parts

 

 

65.

8421 39 20, 8421 39 90

Catalytic Convertor

10%

15%

 

 

Furniture Goods

 

 

66.

9401

Seats and parts of seats (other than aircraft seats and their parts)

20%

25%

67.

9403

Other Furniture and parts thereof

20%

25%

68.

9404

Mattress supports: Articles of bedding and similar furnishing

20%

25%

69.

9405

Lamps and lighting fittings including searchlights and spotlights and pads thereof; Illuminated signs, illuminated name plates and the like, having a permanently fixed light source, and parts thereof (except solar lantern and solar lamps).

20%

25%

 

 

Toys

 

 

70.

9503

Tricycles, scooters, pedal-cars and similar wheeled-toys; dolls' carriages; dolls; other toys; reduced-Size (“scale”) models and similar recreational models, working or not; puzzles of all kinds

20%

60%

 

 

Stationary items

 

 

71.

8304 00 00

Filing, cabinets. card-index cabinets, paper-trays, paper rests, pen trays, office-stamp stands and similar office or desk equipment of base metal, Other than office furniture of heading 9403

10%

20%

72.

8305

Fittings for loose-leaf binders or files, letter clips, letter corners, paper clips, indexing tags and similar office articles, of base metal; staples in strips (for example, for offices, upholstery, packaging), of base metal

10%

20%

73.

8310

Sign-plates, name-plates, address-plates and similar plates, numbers, letters and other symbols, of base metal, excluding those of heading 9405

10%

20%

 

 

Miscellaneous

 

 

74.

6702

Artificial Flowers

10%

20%

75.

7018 10 20

Glass Beads

10%

20%

76.

8306

Bells, gongs, statuettes, trophies and like, non-electric of base metal; statuettes and other ornaments of base metal; photograph, picture or similar frames, of base metal; mirrors of base metal.

10%

20%

B.

New entries added to the First Schedule [to be effective from 02.02.2020] * [Clause 115(b) of the Finance Bill, 2020]

S. No

Tariff Item

Description

Tariff Rate

Effective rate

1.

8414 51 50

Wall fans

20%

20%

2.

8529 90 30

Open cell for television set

15%

0%

3.

8541 40 11

Solar cells, not assembled

20%

0%

4.

8541 40 12

Solar cells, assembled in modules or made up in panels

20%

0%

*Will come into effect immediately owing to a declaration under the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act, 1931.

 


Full Text:

Budget 2020-21 + FINANCE BILL, 2020

Topics

Acts Income Tax