Pharmaceutical promotion and transfer-pricing comparability principles limited disallowances, while uncorroborated search allegations and unsupported adjustments failed.

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....Pharmaceutical sales-promotion expenditure is disallowable only where it directly provides prohibited benefits, such as travel or hotel facilities, to medical practitioners; patient education, professional events and other non-prohibited promotional costs remain deductible. A retracted search statement without independent corroboration cannot support an over-invoicing addition. Manufacturing scrap and empty-container sales qualify for profit-linked deductions, while the industrial excise-refund incentive described is a capital receipt excluded from taxable income and book profit. Transfer-pricing analysis requires reliable functional, temporal and economic comparability; unsupported adjustments for domestic transactions, export pricing, gua.........