<h1>Emergency powers ruling overturns IEEPA-based tariffs, prompting alternative trade-law tariffs and international uncertainty over trade arrangements.</h1> A high-court decision invalidated tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, leading the administration to propose replacement duties under an alternative trade statute. The shift raises questions about US tariff authority, potential refunds for taxes collected under the invalidated measures, and the stability of negotiated trade arrangements, while affected trading partners pursue assessments and diplomatic consultations to mitigate harm to exporters.