Washington, Feb 10 (AP) The heads of the agencies carrying out President Donald Trump's mass deportation agenda will testify in Congress on Tuesday and face questions over how they are prosecuting immigration enforcement inside American cities.

Trump's immigration campaign has been heavily scrutinised in recent weeks, after the shooting deaths in Minneapolis of two protesters at the hands of Homeland Security officers. The agencies have also faced criticism for a wave of policies that critics say trample on the rights of both immigrants facing arrest and Americans protesting the enforcement actions.

Todd Lyons, the acting director of US Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Rodney Scott, who heads US Customs and Border Protection, and Joseph Edlow, who is the director of US Citizenship and Immigration Services, will speak in front of the House Committee on Homeland Security.

The officials will speak at a time of falling public support for how their agencies are carrying out Trump's immigration vision, but as they are flush with cash from a spending bill passed last year that has helped broaden immigration enforcement activities across the country.

The administration says that activists and protesters opposed to its operations are the ones ratcheting up attacks on their officers, not the other way around, and that their immigration enforcement operations are making the country safer by finding and removing people who've committed crimes or pose a threat to the country.

Under Lyons' leadership, ICE has undergone a massive hiring boom funded by Congress last summer, and immigration officers have deployed in beefed-up enforcement operations in cities across the country designed to increase arrests and deportations. The appearance in Congress comes as lawmakers are locked in a battle over whether DHS should be funded without restraints placed on its officers' conduct.

Lyons is likely to face questioning over a memo he signed last year telling ICE officers that they didn't need a judge's warrant to forcibly enter a house to arrest a deportee, a memo that went against years of ICE practice and Fourth Amendment protections against illegal searches.

During Scott's tenure, his agency has taken on a significant role in arresting and removing illegal immigrants from inside the country. That increased activity has become a flashpoint for controversy and marks a break from the agency's traditional job of protecting borders and controlling who and what enters the country.

Under the leadership of Commander Gregory Bovino, a group of Border Patrol agents hopscotched around the country to operations in Los Angeles, Chicago, Charlotte and New Orleans, where they were often accused of indiscriminately questioning and arresting people they suspected were in the country illegally. Bovino says his targets are legitimate and identified through intelligence and says that if his officers use force to make an arrest, it's because it's warranted.

A Border Patrol agent and a Customs and Border Protection officer both opened fire during the shooting death of Alex Pretti, one of two protesters killed in Minneapolis in January. The other protester, Renee Good, was shot and killed by an ICE officer.

After the Pretti shooting, Bovino was reassigned, and Trump sent his border czar, Tom Homan, to Minneapolis to assume control.

USCIS has also faced criticism for steps it has taken, including subjecting refugees already admitted to the US to another round of vetting and pausing decisions on all asylum cases. (AP) SKS SKS

Immigration enforcement chiefs to testify over warrantless entry memos, expanded urban arrests, paused asylum decisions and vetting practices. Congressional testimony will probe intensified interior immigration enforcement funded by recent appropriations, including a hiring surge, expanded urban deployments, a memo authorizing forcible entry without judicial warrants, and agency practices raising Fourth Amendment and due process concerns, alongside administrative changes pausing asylum decisions and expanding refugee vetting.