London, Feb 3 (PTI) The “historic” free trade agreement (FTA) with India offers strategic benefits and stability to businesses at a particularly challenging time for international commerce and rules-based trade, according to a UK parliamentary scrutiny report on Tuesday.

The House of Lords International Agreements Committee had opened its review of the India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) in the months after it was agreed during Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to the UK last July.

The cross-party committee charged with scrutinising all treaties laid in Parliament hailed CETA as a “considerable achievement” given that negotiations took place against a challenging geopolitical backdrop of trade tariffs under US President Donald Trump.

“The UK has reached a landmark deal with a key strategic partner at a time of considerable geopolitical turbulence," said Lord Peter Goldsmith, who was chair of the committee during the inquiry period.

“We also welcome that the agreement is compliant with World Trade Organisation rules, in light of the current challenges to the rules-based international order. It is a significant achievement, and the government should capitalise on this by ensuring businesses can utilise it in practice," he said.

The committee, which reviewed evidence from stakeholders across government and business, found that the FTA will be helpful to UK businesses as they seek to diversify and de-risk their supply chains.

However, it did highlight some shortcomings in areas of legal services, investment protection and “little new market access” for financial or professional services.

“We recommend the UK and India view the FTA as a ‘living agreement’, rather than a static one, and prioritise strengthening the terms of the agreement as the relationship develops. The government should utilise the range of existing dialogue mechanisms and networks to further enhance the relationship in substantive and symbolic terms," Lord Goldsmith added.

The report, which will now be debated by the Upper House early next month as the India-UK CETA progresses towards parliamentary ratification and implementation, struck a cautionary tone that the FTA agreed between India and the European Union (EU) last month may have future implications for the pact.

Once CETA is enforced, UK consumers can expect to benefit from improved choice and lower prices, although the extent to which British products will remain competitive as India opens its market to the EU "remains to be seen”, the committee pointed out.

The peers highlighted “missed opportunities” in the process of getting the India-UK FTA over the line, such as legal services being omitted entirely from the text and failure to clinch a bilateral investment treaty.

Among its many recommendations, the Lords committee called on the UK government to publish an impact assessment of the effect of the cumulative impact of successive trade agreements on the UK agricultural sector; continue to work with India to develop bilateral trade in services and on non-tariff barriers; support businesses in utilising the agreement, particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs); and set out what increased supporting services will be provided through the High Commission in India and its regional offices in the UK.

Given the “size and significance of India”, the FTA was a welcome move to further deepen the bilateral relationship "particularly given that this had seemed unlikely until relatively recently”, the report states.

However, the committee expressed concern that while the benefits for UK goods exporters will take some time to materialise, Indian exporters will have full access to the UK market immediately.

“There are a range of existing dialogue mechanisms and networks for further enhancing the UK-India bilateral relationship in both substantive and symbolic terms.

"The committee recommends that the government works to ensure that the full benefits of the agreement are delivered by putting in place measures to implement and utilise the agreement as comprehensively as possible, in ways which recognise the wider, dynamic geopolitical environment in which the agreement sits,” the report concludes.

The India-UK CETA, dubbed a “landmark” agreement, is expected to enhance annual bilateral trade by 25.5 billion pounds – a significant increase on the 47.2 billion pounds logged in 2025 by the UK Department for Business and Trade (DBT).

The British Parliament is in the process of ratifying the agreement, with MPs and peers set to debate all aspects of the FTA before it can be implemented in the coming months. PTI AK SCY SCY

India UK free trade agreement offers strategic trade benefits but omits legal services and lacks investment protection measures. The India-UK CETA is a strategic rules based trade agreement promising consumer benefits and supply chain diversification, but the Committee flagged omissions: legal services are excluded, there is no bilateral investment treaty or robust investment protection, and limited new market access exists for financial and professional services. The report recommends treating the pact as a living agreement, publishing an agricultural impact assessment, enhancing support for SMEs to utilise the FTA, and deploying diplomatic and sectoral mechanisms to strengthen services, investment protection and implementation measures.