The National Statistics Office (NSO) conducts survey on Household Consumption Expenditure at regular interval. The last survey on Household Consumption Expenditure was conducted during August, 2023-July, 2024. Prior to this, the survey was conducted during August, 2022-July, 2023 and in NSS 68^th round (July, 2011 – June, 2012). From the survey results of these surveys, the estimates of Average monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) at nominal and real price (2011-12 price) along with rural-urban gap in MPCE separately for rural and urban sectors have been given below in Table 1:

Table 1: Average Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) and % difference in MPCE across rural & urban sectors – All-India
Sector	Average MPCE (Rs.) at nominal price			Average MPCE (Rs.) at real price
	2011-12	2022-23	2023-24	2011-12	2022-23	2023-24
Rural	1430	3773	4122	1430	2008	2079
Urban	2630	6459	6996	2630	3510	3632
Urban-rural difference in MPCE (%)	84	71	70	84	75	75
Source: NSS Report no. 592: Survey on Household Consumption Expenditure: 2023-24 To obtain values at real price, CPI for the year 2012 has been considered as base year. The MPCE estimates of 2022-23 and 2023-24 have been deflated using CPI(R) & CPI(U) for rural and urban sectors respectively to obtain the MPCE values at 2011-12 price.

The surveys of MoSPI provide estimates of important indicators such as health, education, labour force, per capita expenditure, etc to meet the requirements of various stakeholder Ministries such as the Rural Development, Finance, Health & Family Welfare, Labour and Employment, Agriculture, NITI Aayog, etc. These Ministries have implemented various social welfare schemes such as Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY), Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM), Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY), Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN), Ayushman Bharat, Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna (PMAY), Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), etc.

This information was given by the Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation; Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Planning and Minister of State in the Ministry of Culture, Rao Inderjit Singh, in a written reply to a question in the Lok Sabha. 

Household consumption expenditure data underpins MPCE-based policy targeting using CPI-deflated real-price estimates for programme design. The National Statistics Office's Household Consumption Expenditure survey reports Average Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in nominal and real terms, with rural-urban gaps; recent MPCE estimates were deflated to a common base using sector-specific Consumer Price Index series to enable real-price comparisons and to inform policy and social welfare programme design, with the methodology and figures provided in a parliamentary written reply and cited from the NSS report.