<h1>Airlines Seek Systemic Reforms to Navigate Slim Profit Margins and Complex Global Economic Challenges in Aviation Sector</h1> Airlines are struggling with a globally skewed value chain where profit margins have historically never exceeded 5%. A senior industry economist highlighted challenges including oligopolistic aircraft manufacturing, powerful oil companies, and highly price-competitive markets. The industry faces significant financial constraints, with projected 2025 net profits of USD 36 billion and a slim 3.7% margin. The expert suggested potential systemic reforms could provide a model for other countries.