Corporate social responsibility should prioritise measurable community outcomes, transparency, capable implementing agencies, and strategic integration with sustainability objectives. Corporate social responsibility should prioritise measurable community outcomes rather than expenditure alone. Effective CSR depends on community-responsive design, capable implementing agencies, rigorous monitoring, social audits, and transparent use of technology and data. Public sector enterprises may use thematic priorities, convergence with government programmes, and institutional collaboration to replace isolated interventions with strategic CSR. CSR capacity building encompasses legal and regulatory frameworks, governance, project planning, impact assessment, reporting, ESG and the Social Stock Exchange.
Regional rural bank performance highlights improved profitability, asset quality, priority-sector lending, financial inclusion, and digital banking expansion. Regional Rural Banks achieved prescribed priority-sector lending targets and sub-targets, expanded financial inclusion through new Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana accounts, and recorded improvement in profitability, asset quality, and credit-deposit ratio. Digital banking adoption is to be accelerated to improve operational efficiency, customer experience, and banking access in rural and remote areas. Sponsor Banks are expected to strengthen information-technology infrastructure and support increased area-specific credit flows and innovative lending.
Ethanol-blended fuel policy faces calls for consumer-focused review amid sugar supply pressures and older-vehicle compatibility concerns. Consumer-focused review of the ethanol-blended fuel policy is sought because higher ethanol diversion may affect domestic sugar availability and prices, potentially requiring sugar imports that could reduce claimed foreign-exchange savings from lower petroleum imports. The review should address ethanol and sugar production, domestic prices, imports, and consumer, environmental and economic concerns. Availability of lower-blend fuel alongside E20 is advocated for owners of older vehicles, with consumer choice between E10 and E20 supporting a comprehensive reassessment.
Economic resilience remains supported by domestic demand, manufacturing, liquidity and capital inflows despite external trade and geopolitical risks. Economic resilience is attributed to buoyant domestic demand, sustained manufacturing and services activity, and double-digit merchandise trade growth. Improved southwest monsoon conditions supported kharif sowing and partly reduced agricultural risks, although geopolitical frictions and fresh United States tariffs remained external risks. Supply-side pressures raised consumer price inflation, while stable core inflation indicated limited cost pass-through. Easing liquidity, credit growth, investment activity and rebounding foreign capital inflows supported financial and external-sector conditions.
Sugar price controls combine raw sugar imports, stockholding limits, and export restrictions to curb retail inflation. Sugar market intervention combines permitted imports of raw sugar, stockholding limits for dealers and bulk consumers, and an existing export ban to address sharp increases in retail and wholesale prices. Limits on inventories held by trade participants and large industrial consumers are intended to curb speculation and hoarding. Although ex-mill rates declined after the import decision and anti-hoarding measures, the reduction had not yet translated fully into retail prices. The measures seek to supplement domestic availability and restrain practices that may intensify consumer-price increases.
Tariff escalation drives retaliatory planning, industry protection measures, supply-chain uncertainty, and proposed symbolic geographic renaming amid cross-border trade tensions. United States-Canada trade tensions have intensified after tariffs were imposed on Canadian goods following unsuccessful bilateral talks. Canada is expected to pursue retaliatory measures, potentially using targeted action to protect workers and businesses rather than matching tariffs directly. Further tariff threats concern vehicles, auto parts and steel. Integrated cross-border supply chains in automotive, energy, agriculture and manufacturing face increased costs and consumer-price uncertainty. Consideration of renaming Lake Ontario as "Lake America" has also been linked to the escalating dispute.
Central infrastructure monitoring through PAIMANA-PROJ tracks implementation progress, sectoral priorities, completed works, and integration of newly monitored projects. PAIMANA-PROJ monitors Central Sector infrastructure projects costing Rs. 150 crore and above across 17 Ministries and Departments. As of July 2026, 1,775 projects with a revised cost of Rs. 37.11 lakh crore were under monitoring, with cumulative expenditure of Rs. 19.26 lakh crore. Transport and Logistics formed the largest monitored sector, followed by Energy. The portfolio included mega and major projects at varying physical and financial completion stages. PAIMANA-CRIP serves as the central infrastructure-project data repository, with most data updated through APIs.
Plant growth regulator quality controls require farmer awareness, licensed sales, quarantine compliance, and protection against uncertified orchard inputs. Plant Growth Regulator quality control seeks to protect farmers and orchardists from spurious products sold in the open market. Licensed pesticide and fungicide outlets receive application schedules, while farmer awareness is stressed due to purchases of cheaper PGRs that may not achieve expected results. Rootstock imports require quarantine clearance, and uncertified rootstock purchased from the market is associated with disease spread in orchards. Regulatory measures include direct departmental sale of branded chemicals, promotion of weather-based crop insurance, and demands concerning minimum support pricing and Market Intervention Scheme documentation.
Anti-conversion compliance prompts voluntary prayer declarations, alongside food-safety oversight and enforcement against demolition, liquor, and cyber-fraud allegations. Maharashtra's anti-conversion law has commenced, and churches across the Mumbai Metropolitan Region have sought written self-declarations confirming voluntary prayer attendance without pressure. Food-safety oversight requires cleaning of cricket association eateries before a further inspection. Enforcement matters include investigation into unauthorised shop demolitions allegedly involving misuse of a municipal corporation's name, arrests connected with spurious-liquor manufacture, and a cyber-fraud network allegedly using mule accounts to launder proceeds. A retired High Court judge has been appointed as Lokayukta.
User development fee rationalisation reduces departure charges and links airport cost recovery to commissioned capital projects during the tariff cycle. Airport tariff regulation for Hyderabad airport fixes reduced User Development Fee for departing domestic and international passengers from 1 September 2026 through 31 March 2031, with rationalised landing charges. The tariff determination applies the incremental Aggregate Revenue Requirement framework, linking airport-charge cost recovery to completion, commissioning and use of identified high-value capital expenditure projects. A variable tariff plan provides landing-charge incentives upon prescribed qualifying conditions, supporting traffic development and route expansion while requiring cost-reflective, transparent and non-discriminatory aeronautical tariffs.
Rupee appreciation reflects weaker dollar, lower crude prices, positive equities, and foreign-exchange inflows through swap facilities. Foreign-exchange market conditions supported the rupee's appreciation against the US dollar, driven by positive domestic equity markets, a weaker dollar, and declining crude-oil prices. The USD/INR pair remained within a narrow range, with oil-price movements and potential central-bank intervention identified as near-term determinants. A special USD-INR foreign-exchange swap facility covering FCNR(B) deposits, overseas foreign-currency borrowings and external commercial borrowings had mobilised foreign-exchange inflows relevant to currency liquidity.
Energy supply diversification reshapes India's LPG, LNG and crude sourcing amid constrained Gulf availability and higher logistics costs. India's energy-import sourcing has shifted towards supply diversification as disruption in the Strait of Hormuz constrained traditional Gulf supplies. United States cargoes have become particularly important for LPG and LNG, while procurement has also broadened to Atlantic Basin and other non-traditional suppliers. Diversification increases costs through longer voyages, higher freight, insurance expenses, tighter availability and higher commodity prices, reflecting a premium for supply security. Crude sourcing continues to rely principally on Russia, alongside resilient UAE flows and increased Venezuelan heavy crude imports.
Intelligence-led enforcement against illicit trade requires coordinated data-sharing, risk profiling, digital accountability and disruption of organised supply networks. Cross-border illicit trade enforcement should move beyond isolated seizures to intelligence-led disruption of organised criminal networks. Risk-based profiling, predictive analytics, container scanning and shipment-data analysis should support targeted action against misdeclaration, port-hopping, concealment and digital distribution. Right holders should share specific intelligence with customs targeting mechanisms, and goods entering Domestic Tariff Areas from warehousing and special economic zones require enhanced examination. Digital enforcement should trace suppliers, financial flows, data trails and small-parcel movements, supported by coordinated feedback between online marketplaces, police and customs.
NRI banking account segregation aligns overseas earnings, domestic income, foreign-currency savings, remittances, and borrowing with cross-border commitments. NRI banking arrangements require segregation of overseas earnings, India-sourced income, savings, remittances and expenditure after residential status changes. An NRE account holds overseas income remitted to India, with interest exempt from income tax in India. An NRO account is intended for Indian income, including rent, dividends and pension, while FCNR deposits retain funds in a chosen foreign currency. A structured arrangement can align these accounts with domestic obligations, overseas spending, remittances, investments and compliant digital banking access.
Sugar import authorisation and anti-hoarding controls aim to moderate ex-mill prices amid adequate domestic stocks. Raw sugar imports were permitted, while stock limits were imposed on bulk consumers. States were directed to strengthen inspections, and nationwide flying squads were deployed to identify hoarding and speculative conduct. These measures target sugar availability and distribution across wholesale and retail channels. Ex-mill prices declined following the measures, although wholesale and retail prices had not yet reflected the reduction.
Foreign-currency swap window closure focuses non-resident deposit mobilisation, while ECB hedging support continues for public-sector borrowers. RBI's concessional Foreign Currency Non-Resident Bank deposit swap window closes on August 31, replacing the previous September 30 cut-off. Separately, the special US dollar-rupee foreign-exchange swap window remains available until December 31, 2026, providing concessional currency-hedging support to public sector undertakings raising external commercial borrowings. SBI expects to mobilise predominantly through deposits from non-resident Indians and foreign investors, with external commercial borrowings also visible.
Industrial power tariff revision applies only within the shared distribution area, while steel producers seek rollback and fuel supply support. Industrial electricity tariff revision is proposed from 1 September for 33 KV and 11 KV consumers within the Damodar Valley Corporation command area. The increase is confined to the shared distribution-licence area, while a separate and higher tariff structure applies outside it. Steel and sponge-iron industry associations oppose the revision on the basis that it will raise energy costs and affect investment conditions. They seek withdrawal of the increase and request continuing supplies of high-grade coal and iron ore for sponge-iron production.
Institutional capital facilitation prioritises repatriation, market access, regulatory predictability, and cross-border partnerships supporting technology-led long-term investment. India-Japan investment engagement focuses on increasing long-term Japanese institutional capital flows through an enabling business environment, intellectual property protection, policy reforms and integration with global value chains. Facilitation measures include simpler profit repatriation processes, improved access to Indian capital markets, greater regulatory predictability and a seamless cross-border investment environment. GIFT City is explored as a gateway for international capital and Japan-India investment flows.
Strategic investment partnership prioritises semiconductor manufacturing, resilient supply chains and advanced industrial collaboration between Indian and Japanese businesses. India-Japan economic cooperation is directed toward deeper trade, investment, technology and business-to-business linkages, including economic security, supply-chain resilience, clean energy and innovation. Collaboration is focused on capital goods, machinery, automotive and advanced manufacturing, with stronger connections between Japanese enterprises and India's Tier-II and Tier-III suppliers, including Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. Semiconductor manufacturing is identified as a significant investment area. The India-Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership supports expanded engagement with manufacturing ecosystems, global value chains and resilient supply chains.
Bilateral trade and investment cooperation advances through customs alignment, digital payment integration, market access discussions and investment treaty completion. India-Cambodia trade and investment cooperation addressed trade diversification, market access, customs alignment, digital payments and investment facilitation. Discussions covered traditional medicine, e-governance, recognition of the Indian pharmacopeia, trade statistics, agricultural cooperation, banking and insurance. The parties agreed on an MoU on Customs Cooperation to promote uniform customs procedures and considered early completion and signature of the Bilateral Investment Treaty. UPI-KHQR payment integration, investment promotion, priority-sector cooperation and a private-sector feedback mechanism were also discussed.
Union Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee released the first Budget Manual of the Union Government, here today. Releasing the Manual, the Finance Minister said that the Union Budget has evolved over the past six decades to reflect the strength of India's democratic processes in shaping its economy, and has emerged as a crucial tool for Public Finance Management. He said that this Manual is an attempt to bring together the entire Budget related activities and procedures etc. which were hitherto available in a dispersed manner in the form of executive instructions and guidelines . The Manual has been prepared by the Budget Division of the Department of Economic Affairs. Finance Minister Shri Mukherjee congratulated the Division for taking this initiative.
The Finance Minister said Budget Manual is a comprehensive document explaining in detail the procedures and activities connected with the preparation of Budget. Mr Mukherjee said that Budget Manual will serve as a guidance document to the officials involved in Budget making in the Finance Ministry as well as in other Ministries/Departments. He said that it is also expected to act as a good reference document for interested readers and stakeholders. He said that this document is an effort in the direction of fostering greater transparency and better understanding about procedures and systems relating to making of Union Budget.
At the outset, the Manual brings out the Constitutional provisions related to the Budget. It describes the contents of various Budget documents. The Finance Minister said that the Manual also deals with the Organizational aspects, roles and responsibilities of the Parliament, Parliamentary Committees and the responsibilities of various wings of the Executive in the Budget making process. The Union Government's accounting and classification systems have also been explained apart from the working of the Consolidated Fund of India, the Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account of India, the Finance Minister added.
Minister of State for Finance, Shri Namo Narain Meena alongwith the Secretaries of different departments of the Ministry of finance including Finance Secretary, Shri Ashok Chawla, Revenue Secretary, Shri Sunil Mitra, Expenditure Secretary, Smt. Sushma Nath, Secretary, Financial Services, Shri R. Gopalan, Secretary, Disinvestment, Shri Sumit Bose and Chief Economic Advisor, Dr. Kaushik Basu were also present on this occasion among others.
The core sections of the Manual explain the entire chain of activities related to Budget preparation right from the issue of Budget Circular in September to the Budget Day in February, including the processes of estimation of receipts and expenditure, their firming-up and finalization through the Pre-Budget Meetings and their compilation. The comprehensive calendar of Budget related activities, their timelines, details of the related duties and responsibilities of the officers and staff together with the Security and 'Lock-in' procedures have also been brought out. Finally the Manual deals with the Implementation and Reporting of various Budget announcements. There are also a series of Annexes which provide a holistic perspective on the related subjects. An attempt has been made to incorporate all the Budget related issues in the Manual so as to make it a self contained and one stop guidance document.
Text of the Finance Minister's address on the occasion is given below:
"I am pleased to participate in this function to release the Budget Manual for the Union Government. The Budget process of our country predates the Independence and has evolved over the past six decades to reflect the strength of our democratic processes in shaping our economy. It has emerged as a crucial tool for public finance management.
Budget was first introduced on 7th April, 1860, two years after the transfer of Indian administration from East-India Company to British Crown. The first Finance Member, who presented the Budget, was James Wilson. Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan, Member of the Interim Government presented the Budget of 1947-48. After Independence, India's first Finance Minister, Shri Shanmukham Chetty, presented the first budget of independent India on 26th November, 1947.
Toni Morrison, the famous author and winner of the Pulitzer and Nobel Prize for literature, had once stated, I quote-
"If there's a book you really want to read but it hasn't been written yet, then you must write it".
~Toni Morrison
The Union Government Budget Manual is one such book, the need for which has been felt for long. I am happy to note that the Budget Division has brought out this Manual. Large areas of the Budget making procedures and processes have not been in public domain, leading at times to some misinterpretations and conjectures. The Budget Manual will shed such misconceptions. I am sure this Manual will bring about greater transparency and better understanding about the Union Government Budget making procedures and systems.
The Manual attempts to outline the entire chain of events leading to the Union Budget. The purpose of this Budget Manual is to provide guidance and a training tool for the officers and staff engaged in the Budget preparation, not only in the Finance Ministry but in other Ministries/Departments as well.
Finally, I would also like to express my appreciation to the officials of the Finance Ministry for taking this initiative and completing the task of preparing the Union Government Budget Manual.
With these words I would now like to release the Budget Manual for the Union Government."
DSM/GN (Release ID :66030)
Budget Manual consolidates Union Budget procedures and roles, standardising accounting, timelines and transparency for public finance management.
The Budget Manual consolidates dispersed executive instructions into a single guidance document describing Constitutional provisions, contents of budget documents, accounting and classification systems, and the operations of the Consolidated Fund of India, the Contingency Fund of India and the Public Account of India. It delineates roles of Parliament, parliamentary committees and executive wings, and outlines the full sequence of budget formulation from the Budget Circular to Budget Day, including timelines, officer duties, security and lock-in procedures, implementation and reporting, with annexes for related subjects.
Note: It is a system-generated summary and is for quick reference only.
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