Section 68 of the Income-tax Act applies to an unexplained bogus liability recorded in the books, even where the credit does not represent a cash receipt. A purchase from a related concern was found non-genuine from supporting records and bank-account examination, leaving the corresponding liability as an unsubstantiated paper entry. As no plausible explanation established the liability's genuineness, the amount credited as the bogus purchase liability was liable to be added to income under Section 68.

India's merchandise exports grew faster than imports in August 2026, reducing the merchandise trade deficit to USD 26.86 billion. Exports reached USD 43.81 billion, with engineering goods, petroleum products, chemicals and textiles supporting growth, while imports amounted to USD 70.76 billion. During April-August, both exports and imports increased. Export demand was significant in the United States, European Union, BRICS countries and other emerging economies, while gold imports declined substantially in August.

Goa Government amends Notification No. 38/1/2017-Fin(R&C)(8/2018-Rate) under its statutory GST exemption power. The existing reference to Schedule IV of Notification No. 38/1/2017-Fin(R&C)(1/2017-Rate) is replaced by Schedule II of Notification No. 38/1/2017-Fin(R&C)(09/2025-Rate). The amended cross-reference applies from 22 September 2025.

Granted design and utility intellectual property protection covers a distributed CCS2 EV charging architecture that centralizes power conversion in a shared Power Unit while compact Dispenser Units provide connectors, authentication hardware and displays. The arrangement supports multiple output terminals, permits scalable addition of dispensers, and avoids duplication of conversion and cooling equipment at each charging bay. Dispensers deliver up to 375A per CCS2 connector through natural air cooling and include authentication, monitoring, communication and standards-aligned charging functions.

Finance Companies and Finance Units in International Financial Services Centres require registration before conducting permitted financial activities and cannot accept public deposits or operate as Banking Units. Applicants must satisfy applicable owned-fund requirements, FATF-related eligibility standards, and, where relevant, home-regulator no-objection requirements. They must maintain prescribed capital, liquidity, and counterparty-exposure standards. Permissible activities include lending, investments, leasing, derivatives, treasury functions, and specified non-core services, subject to operational safeguards. Resident dealings remain subject to foreign-exchange law, speculative transactions are prohibited, and anti-money-laundering, governance, disclosure, and reporting obligations apply.

The deadline for furnishing the declaration in Form GST TRAN-2 under Rule 117(4)(b)(iii) of the Chhattisgarh Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017, is extended up to 30 June 2018. The extension is issued under Section 168 of the Chhattisgarh Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017, read with the relevant rule, based on the Council's recommendations.

India-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement is expected to enter into force from 19 October 2026. It provides duty-free access in New Zealand for all Indian exports, replacing peak tariffs applicable to specified Indian goods, including ceramics, carpets, automobiles and auto components. The arrangement is intended to expand bilateral trade in goods and services, promote investment, and includes New Zealand's investment commitment in India over a 15-year period.

Screening Committee appointment under Rule 123(2) of the Chhattisgarh Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017 is constituted pursuant to the applicable State Commercial Taxes Department order. The Committee comprises the Commissioner of State Tax, Chhattisgarh, Raipur, and the Commissioner (Appeals), Central Tax (GST), Raipur. Its office is established at the Office of the Commissioner, Commercial Taxes, Chhattisgarh, Civil Lines, near Raj Bhavan, Raipur.

Chhattisgarh's GST advance-ruling framework identifies the State Tax Joint Commissioner and the CGST and Central Excise Joint Commissioner as members of the Authority for Advance Ruling. The Authority's office is established at the Office of the Commissioner, Commercial Taxes, Civil Lines, near Raj Bhavan, Raipur, defining its membership and administrative location for advance-ruling functions under the GST regime.

ECTS facilitates voluntary, expedited Nepal transit cargo movement through electronic Customs Transit Declarations, electronic seals and GPS-based tracking. Traders or Customs Brokers must register with the Managed Service Provider, upload prescribed commercial and undertaking documents, and complete the electronic declaration process. Customs approves the declaration, affixes and verifies ECTS seals, and uses system-generated trip reports for reconciliation and automatic discharge of Letters of Undertaking. Seal alerts or unavailable electronic verification require risk-based physical verification. The system also tracks return of empty containers and supports specified rail-road multimodal transit movements.

Share-sale proceeds and the claimed long-term capital gain required fresh verification where purchase records, dematerialised holdings, stock-exchange sales and banking receipts were available, but the investigation into alleged exit providers remained incomplete. Unserved notices alone did not complete verification because the identified providers were not properly examined, the taxpayer lacked a reasonable opportunity to address that verification, and no enquiry was made from the person said to have handled the transactions. Withdrawal of the scrip's trading suspension indicated no continuing trading bar. The matter was remitted to the Assessing Officer for further investigation and relevant statements.

Temporary and contractual appointments may be made by the competent authority to meet work exigencies on suitable terms. Temporary employees' conditions cannot be more favourable than those applicable to appointments of equivalent status or responsibility. Grade B and above employees may be taken on deputation for a specified period where work exigencies exist or suitable internal candidates are unavailable, with possible permanent absorption on conditions specified by the competent authority. Executive Director appointments by deputation or contract require Authority approval before an offer is issued.

IFSCA employees must subscribe to the New Pension Scheme, with compulsory employee contributions and corresponding IFSCA contributions. Employees may choose their Pension Fund Manager and investment option, while additional voluntary contributions do not increase IFSCA's contribution. Group Mediclaim Floater coverage, funded by IFSCA, extends to eligible staff and dependent family members subject to grade-based cover, dependency conditions, declarations, and renewal procedures. Delayed submission or non-refund of medical advances attracts interest, and claims without advances must be submitted within the prescribed period after discharge.

Recruitment across senior, middle and entry-level posts combines promotion, direct recruitment, deputation, absorption, limited departmental competitive examination and contract appointment. Senior and middle management positions require prescribed age limits, recognised academic or professional qualifications, and progressively varying experience in financial services, financial markets, regulation, law, investigation, finance or administration. Promotion generally requires three years in the lower grade, while deputation requires equivalent relevant experience. Contract appointments may be made for up to five years where suitable candidates are unavailable, subject to annual performance review. Selection committees, appointment powers, relaxation provisions, reservations, advertisement requirements, medical fitness and antecedent verification are also prescribed.

Every employee covered by the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Employees' Service) Regulations, 2020, including an employee opting to come under them, must subscribe to declarations in forms prescribed by the Authority.

Mandatory subscription to an insurance scheme or fund instituted by the Authority applies to every employee governed by the Employees' Service Regulations, subject to the rules of that scheme or fund. Such subscription cannot curtail superannuation benefits otherwise admissible to an employee. Employees exempted under the applicable scheme or fund rules are not required to subscribe.

Subscription to the IFSCA New Pension Scheme requires employees to become members and comply with the Scheme Rules, unless otherwise specified. Whole-time employees joining from a specified date must exclusively join the Scheme. Whole-time employees absorbed on deputation who were CPF or GPF members before a specified date may elect, in the prescribed manner, to continue under CPF/GPF or join the IFSCA New Pension Scheme.

Regulation 93 provides gratuity on retirement, death, certified disablement, resignation after five years of continuous service, and non-punitive termination after five years. Employees with less than ten years of continuous service receive gratuity under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Those completing at least ten years receive gratuity under rules prescribed by the Authority, but not below the statutory amount. The Authority may create a gratuity trust.

Deputation and external assignment of an Authority employee to another employer require the Authority's approval and remain subject to terms and conditions specified by it. An employee cannot be sent on deputation or external assignment against that employee's will.

Deputation of employees to military service may be undertaken on terms and conditions determined by the Authority. The Authority prescribes the applicable conditions for employees deputed for such service.