Fresh defamation pleadings may proceed after curing defects identified in an earlier rejection, where the prior order is disclosed. Pre-trial removal and restraint of online content may be granted despite a damages claim when a prima facie case, balance of convenience and irreparable injury are established. Material not supporting allegations of child abuse, coupled with tweet language exceeding permissible criticism and being prima facie defamatory, supported ad interim removal of the article and tweet and restraint on similar defamatory publications pending adjudication.

Section 93 permits post-death GST determination against a legal representative where a liable person dies. If the business is discontinued, tax, interest and penalty may be recovered only from the deceased's inherited estate and only within its capacity; the heir's independent assets remain outside that limit. Proceedings may be initiated without a pre-death notice, but must be addressed to the legal representative in that capacity, follow the applicable adjudication process, and provide hearing and a reasoned order.

Punjab Goods and Services Tax administration amends a prior notification issued under the statutory power to grant exemptions in the public interest. The amendment substitutes the previously prescribed date of 30 September 2018 with 30 September 2019, thereby extending the period specified in the earlier notification by one year.

Section 37A permits seizure of equivalent domestic assets only where the authorised officer records written reasons to believe that foreign assets are held in contravention of FEMA. The competent authority must examine the material after hearing both sides and either confirm or set aside seizure. A reasoned non-confirmation based on an absent statutory threshold is substantive on seizure, though it does not finally decide the underlying contravention. Pending appeal, the adjudicating authority cannot displace that finding or adopt a contrary premise; Section 37A(4) applies only to confirmed seizure.

Where an oppression and mismanagement petition has been dismissed, a pending appeal without an appellate stay does not itself restore a former director's authority or suspend the dismissal's operative effect. Sections 241 and 242 require statutory prejudice and prescribed Tribunal findings; procedural irregularities in director removal may be relevant but do not alone establish oppression. Banks should ordinarily follow formally authorised company instructions rather than decide unresolved management disputes, unless a binding judicial or statutory restraint applies.

Benami-property claims based on a claimant's payment for property titled in another person's name may fall within the statutory definition when the property is alleged to be held for that claimant's benefit. A Will, succession claim, or other later instrument does not provide an independent basis of title where the pleaded foundation is restoration of beneficial ownership. The statutory scheme prohibits benami arrangements, bars enforcement of claimed beneficial ownership, and treats prohibited re-transfers as invalid; self-acquired title in the named holder's name does not displace the pleaded funding arrangement.

Punjab SGST exemption schedule adds sal, siali and sisal leaves, sabai grass, broom-making vegetable materials, specified leaf-based goods, deities, sanitary towels, sanitary napkins, tampons and Rakhi other than items made from Chapter 71 goods. It also replaces the de-oiled rice bran entry and clarifies its exemption from 25 January 2018. Coir pith compost remains subject to conditions concerning unit containers, brand names and voluntarily foregone brand-name rights under Annexure I.

Portfolio manager-client agreements must define fiduciary services, discretionary and non-discretionary responsibilities, investment objectives, client restrictions, risk disclosures, custody, separate accounts, reporting and inspection rights. They must prohibit contractual changes without prior client consent and require transparent fee, expense and billing terms. Liability provisions must address negligence, wilful misfeasance and acts of intermediaries while limiting client liability to the investment amount. Agreements must also cover termination, death or disability, assignment, governing law, grievance redressal, dispute resolution and arbitration.

Portfolio managers must act honestly, fairly, skilfully, carefully and diligently in investors' interests, maintain high service standards and independent professional judgment, and place clients' interests above their own. They must avoid conflicts in investment or disinvestment decisions or ensure fair treatment where conflicts arise, disclose possible conflict sources, and must not execute proprietary-account trades against client interests. They must provide true and adequate information, disclose investment risks, and give advice suited to clients' needs.

India's Finance Minister will participate in multilateral and bilateral economic discussions addressing economic developments, financial-sector issues, the global economic outlook, development priorities, international financial cooperation, and reform of the international financial architecture. Related engagements will examine trade resilience, investment opportunities, and mobilisation of private capital for urban and water infrastructure, while highlighting India's economic performance and reform priorities.

Portfolio manager fees include application fees, registration fees, and renewal fees payable every three years. Payment must be made by direct credit into the designated bank account through NEFT, RTGS, IMPS, the SEBI Payment Gateway, online payment, or another mode specified by the Board.

Regulation 46 repeals the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Portfolio Managers) Regulations, 2020, while preserving actions, registrations, approvals, investigations, proceedings, rights, liabilities, and penalties arising under the repealed regime. Pending applications are deemed made under corresponding provisions of the 2026 Regulations. References in other regulations, guidelines, and circulars to the repealed Regulations are treated as references to corresponding provisions of the 2026 Regulations.

Regulation 45 authorises the Board to issue clarifications or guidelines, through notes or circulars, to remove difficulties in applying or interpreting the Portfolio Managers Regulations. These clarifications and guidelines are binding on portfolio managers, who must comply with the Board's directions and treat them as mandatory in relation to application and interpretation difficulties under the regulations.

The Board may grant a time-limited exemption from all or specified Portfolio Managers Regulations to a person or class of persons. The exemption may operate for up to twelve months and is intended to support live-environment testing of innovative products, processes, services and business models in the securities-market regulatory sandbox. Applicants must satisfy conditions specified by the Board.

Regulation 43 permits relaxation of strict enforcement for portfolio managers where it serves clients' interests or securities market development. Relaxation may be procedural or technical, arise from non-compliance caused by factors beyond the portfolio manager's control, or prevent undue hardship to clients. Applications must state the relevant details and grounds, be filed with the Board, and be accompanied by a non-refundable prescribed fee through authorised payment modes.

Portfolio managers who contravene the Act, rules, regulations, or circulars and guidelines issued under them are liable to action available under securities laws or any other law in force. Regulation 42 places this liability within the procedure for action in case of default and preserves enforcement consequences authorised by applicable securities and other laws. Liability arises from such non-compliance and is not confined to a single enforcement framework.

Inspection expense recovery permits the Board to recover from a portfolio manager expenses it incurs for the purposes of inspecting or investigating that manager's books of account, records and documents. Recoverable costs include, without limitation, auditor fees paid for such inspection or investigation. The portfolio manager bears these expenses where its books, records and documents are examined or investigated by the Board.

Regulation 40 permits the Board to appoint a qualified auditor, in addition to an inspecting authority, to inspect or investigate a portfolio manager's books of account or affairs. The appointed auditor has the same powers as the inspecting authority under regulation 35, and the portfolio manager must comply with the obligations under regulation 37 during the auditor's inspection or investigation.

Action on inspection or investigation reports permits the Board, after considering such reports, to take measures it considers fit and appropriate. Available measures include action under securities laws or any other law in force, enabling a regulatory response to matters identified through inspection or investigation.

Regulation 38 requires the inspecting authority, in inspection and disciplinary proceedings concerning portfolio managers, to submit an inspection report to the Board as soon as possible. The obligation establishes a prompt reporting mechanism through which inspection findings are placed before the Board for consideration within the applicable regulatory and disciplinary framework.