Each IIO must maintain a Board-approved Investment Policy, value its assets and liabilities, and maintain the prescribed solvency margin. Assets supporting liabilities must be earmarked and invested at not less than the value of liabilities, having regard to their nature, duration, currency and uncertainties. Such assets must remain unencumbered. Investments may be made in specified jurisdictions subject to foreign portfolio investment, home-country and FATF-related conditions. Relocating IIOs must apply the former jurisdiction's investment framework to premiums sourced there, separately account for and disclose ring-fenced investments, and preserve segregation of investments relating to risks assumed under the applicable registration framework.

Investment by an International Financial Services Centre Insurance Office means deployment of funds in financial assets or infrastructure assets, subject to specified exclusions. Financial assets include fixed-income instruments, equities, debts, immovable property, policy loans, units of specified funds, hedging derivatives and money-market instruments. Investment excludes certain administrative or judicial asset releases, commercial claims, assets valued under the Asset Replication Approach, and specified government bonds. Infrastructure assets may be located in India or overseas and include recognised infrastructure sub-sectors, district heating, and specified financial and market-infrastructure institutions.

Investment by International Financial Service Centre Insurance Offices is governed by a regulatory framework and related processes for investment of assets by an IIO.

An IIO incorporated in an IFSC must comply with the prescribed investment framework. An IIO not incorporated in an IFSC, including a qualifying branch of a foreign insurer or Lloyd's India, may elect either its parent entity's investment norms or the prescribed framework. Existing registered IIOs must make the election within one month of notification, and applicants must do so when seeking registration.

International Financial Services Centres Authority (Investment by International Financial Service Centre Insurance Office) Regulations, 2022 regulate investment by an International Financial Service Centre Insurance Office. They are issued under statutory and delegated powers and take effect from publication in the Official Gazette.

Premium income must be recognised over the contract term or risk period, as relevant, net of tax collected from policyholders. Amounts attributable to future periods require an unearned premium reserve, shown separately as current liabilities with a disclosed assessment basis, while premium received before risk commencement is also a separate current liability. Outstanding-claim liabilities must include unpaid reported claims, IBNR and IBNER, and be actuarially estimated with an appointed actuary's fairness certificate.

IIOs must recognise premium income when due, defer unexpired direct acquisition costs, and determine life-policy liabilities through annual actuarial assessment supported by adequate assets. Real estate is measured at historical cost subject to periodic revaluation and impairment, while debt securities are held to maturity at amortised historical cost. Listed equity and actively traded derivatives are fair valued through the Fair Value Change Account; unlisted or inactive investments remain at historical cost subject to diminution provisions. Financial statements must also disclose contingent liabilities, actuarial assumptions, asset encumbrances, investment commitments and allocation bases.

A repeal and saving framework disapplies the prior IRDA financial-statement and auditors' report regime, including related guidelines and circulars, within International Financial Services Centres, and omits the specified operational-guidelines chapter. Earlier actions under the prior framework remain valid and are treated as actions under corresponding provisions. Existing insurance offices must comply with additional applicable requirements within six months of commencement or within an extended period specified by the Authority.

Inspection, investigation, information and disclosure powers allow the Authority to examine the affairs of an IIO and to seek information from the IIO or its Parent Entity, but only insofar as the requested information relates to the IIO's activities. Each IIO must make disclosures in the form and manner specified by the Authority.

Regulation 19 empowers the Authority to issue guidance notes or circulars to resolve difficulties in applying or interpreting the financial-statement regulations for International Financial Service Centre insurance offices. On an application with the prescribed non-refundable processing fee, the Authority may relax strict enforcement of any provision, with reasons recorded in writing.

The India-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement will grant duty-free access in New Zealand to all Indian exports, displacing existing peak tariffs on products such as ceramics, carpets, automobiles, and auto components. Scheduled to enter into force on 20 October 2026, the agreement also includes New Zealand's long-term investment commitment in India.

For composite supplies of electronic software development and integrated-circuit design to recipients in non-taxable territory, prototype hardware testing that only validates or improves the core software or design remains ancillary. Place of supply is determined by the service recipient's location under section 13(2) of the IGST Act. The physical-availability rule for services concerning goods does not separately govern that ancillary testing, and the contractual supply must be characterised on its facts.

ITeS supplied on the supplier's own account to an overseas client or its customer do not constitute intermediary services, even if rendered on the client's behalf. A supplier is an intermediary where it merely arranges or facilitates the overseas client's supply to customers. Mixed supplies of own-account ITeS and facilitation support require a fact-specific assessment of the principal or main supply. A non-intermediary supplier may qualify for export of services treatment if the supplier is in India, the recipient and place of supply are outside India, payment is in convertible foreign exchange, and the parties are not merely establishments of a distinct person.

The Authority may specify norms, procedures, processes and the manner of compliance by IIOs to implement and facilitate financial-statement requirements applicable to International Financial Service Centre Insurance Offices. The power includes matters incidental to implementation and facilitation, permitting operational compliance requirements within the framework governing preparation and presentation of financial statements.

Maintenance of books of accounts, documents, statements, contract notes and related materials by an IIO is subject to the retention requirements governing insurance records and submission of requisite information for investigation and inspection. The obligation requires preservation of all materials referred to in the financial-statement regulations.

An IIO must maintain and preserve, in electronic retrieval form, a year-end balance sheet, profit and loss account, revenue account, and cash or fund flow statement prepared using the direct method. The profit and loss account must be maintained on an accrual basis. The duty also covers other books of account, records, and documents relating to business activities where specified from time to time.

Regulation 15 requires all International Financial Service Centre Insurance Offices (IIOs) to maintain separate accounts for shareholders' funds and policyholders' funds, in the manner specified by the Authority. Separation of funds requires each IIO to keep the two fund categories distinct for accounting purposes. Investments allocated to policyholders must not be less than the value of the policyholders' fund, creating a minimum investment-value requirement for those allocations.

Separate reporting and disclosure apply to every contract that does not fall within the definition of an insurance contract under regulation 4(1)(iv). Such contracts must be identified independently in the financial statements of International Financial Service Centre Insurance Offices, rather than being included within insurance-contract reporting. The requirement establishes a distinct presentation and disclosure treatment for contracts outside the defined insurance-contract category.

Every International Financial Service Centre Insurance Office (IIO) must disclose all related party transactions in its audited financial statements. The requirement forms part of the framework for preparation and presentation of IIO financial statements under the International Financial Services Centres Authority Regulations, 2022, applying to all related party transactions of the IIO for financial reporting purposes.

An incorporated International Financial Service Centre Insurance Office must submit its Annual Report to the Authority within ninety days after the end of each financial year. Required contents include reports on the board, management discussion and analysis, risk management and corporate governance, together with audited financial statements, Notes to Accounts, and certified external auditor and actuarial reports.