Section 129(1) of the GST Act applies where goods in transit are...

Section 129(1) of the GST Act applies where goods in transit are transported or stored contrary to the Act or Rules; proof of intent to evade tax is not a condition for detention or penalty because the provision addresses breach of a civil obligation and does not require mens rea. Transportation under e-way bills that had expired remained non-compliant where the asserted vehicle breakdown lacked supporting evidence and no extension or amendment was sought. Stock-transfer documentation and e-invoices did not cure the e-way bill lapse, while circular-based exceptions applied only to consignments accompanied by valid e-way bills. Penalties were sustained.