Constitutional personal-liberty safeguards limit PMLA twin bail conditions where completed investigations lead to prolonged incarceration before trial...
Automated airline software subscriptions without human intervention fail technical-services characterisation and do not make available underlying tech...
Business support recruitment and training receipts qualify for presumptive business taxation, not professional taxation under technical consultancy ru...
Treaty exemption for foreign permanent-establishment management fees prevailed, while dividend expense disallowance remained limited to an accepted al...
Centralised assessment transfers: participation after requesting centralisation can bar technical jurisdictional challenges, while assessment disputes...
Binding precedent remains operative despite pending challenge, supporting deletion of interest disallowance when debt is converted into preference sha...
Vehicle expenses and depreciation for cars registered in a director's name were restricted by 25% because no logbook or equivalent evidence excluded personal use and the company funded loan margin money; prior-year non-disallowance did not create res judicata in income-tax proceedings. Interest disallowance on borrowings was deleted because the interest-free advance's source and the loans' use, repayment and purpose had been explained, while the assessment lacked reasoned consideration. Rent paid for the director's residence remained deductible, with the accommodation taxable as a perquisite in the director's assessment. Penal interest for delayed loan instalments remained deductible as compensatory contractual expenditure, not an offence-related or legally prohibited payment.
Vehicle expenses and depreciation for cars registered in a director's name were restricted by 25% because no logbook or equivalent evidence excluded personal use and the company funded loan margin money; prior-year non-disallowance did not create res judicata in income-tax proceedings. Interest disallowance on borrowings was deleted because the interest-free advance's source and the loans' use, repayment and purpose had been explained, while the assessment lacked reasoned consideration. Rent paid for the director's residence remained deductible, with the accommodation taxable as a perquisite in the director's assessment. Penal interest for delayed loan instalments remained deductible as compensatory contractual expenditure, not an offence-related or legally prohibited payment.
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