Functional comparability under TNMM requires transaction-specific FAR analysis before benchmarking business-support services provided to associated en...
Advance pricing agreement methodology can guide benchmarking for non-covered years when functions, assets, risks and activities remain materially unch...
Tax-audit exemption for substantially State-funded educational universities prevents audit-failure penalties where income qualifies for statutory exem...
Functional, asset and risk analysis excludes diversified technology companies from captive software development comparables under cost-plus arrangemen...
Mobile-phone electronic evidence failed to establish customs undervaluation, while duty survived on non-authentic origin certificates without importer...
Automotive radio classification treats integrated infotainment features as supplementary, placing complete and qualifying unassembled units under the ...
Separate corporate personality prevents directors from being personally liable for company deposits without a guarantee or independent legal undertaki...
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Approval under section 10(23C)(via) depends on whether a hospital exists solely for philanthropic purposes and not for profit. Financial position should account for capital expenditure on medical equipment and facilities, actual application of funds, and depreciation, rather than excess receipts over revenue expenditure alone. Capital application and depreciation have distinct functions. Consultant-fee arrangements do not alone show profit distribution where retained sums pay for hospital facilities and services. Medical relief to paying patients may be philanthropic; no minimum ratio of free or concessional treatment is prescribed. Philanthropic character depends on objects, medical activities, application of income and assets, charitable-hospital obligations, and absence of unrelated commercial activity or private diversion.
Approval under section 10(23C)(via) depends on whether a hospital exists solely for philanthropic purposes and not for profit. Financial position should account for capital expenditure on medical equipment and facilities, actual application of funds, and depreciation, rather than excess receipts over revenue expenditure alone. Capital application and depreciation have distinct functions. Consultant-fee arrangements do not alone show profit distribution where retained sums pay for hospital facilities and services. Medical relief to paying patients may be philanthropic; no minimum ratio of free or concessional treatment is prescribed. Philanthropic character depends on objects, medical activities, application of income and assets, charitable-hospital obligations, and absence of unrelated commercial activity or private diversion.
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