Membership-consent thresholds for oppression petitions are satisfied by unchallenged voter-list consents, while unsupported forgery claims require pro...
Juridical seat versus arbitral venue determines supervisory court jurisdiction, while timely award challenges remain within the prescribed limitation ...
Section 68 treatment of unsecured loans requires lender non-compliance with notices to be assessed alongside other record material; non-compliance alone does not establish unexplained cash credit. A credit relating to an earlier financial year falls outside the relevant previous year, and bank-channel receipt and repayment supported the other loan; the unsecured-loan addition was deleted. Flat-sale consideration claimed as already taxed requires verification against books and assessment records, so that issue remains for assessment verification. Corpus-fund and society deposits cannot be treated as unexplained or yield notional interest merely because the society was unformed or funds were retained; however, purchaser-wise evidence must be examined before their character and source are determined.
Section 68 treatment of unsecured loans requires lender non-compliance with notices to be assessed alongside other record material; non-compliance alone does not establish unexplained cash credit. A credit relating to an earlier financial year falls outside the relevant previous year, and bank-channel receipt and repayment supported the other loan; the unsecured-loan addition was deleted. Flat-sale consideration claimed as already taxed requires verification against books and assessment records, so that issue remains for assessment verification. Corpus-fund and society deposits cannot be treated as unexplained or yield notional interest merely because the society was unformed or funds were retained; however, purchaser-wise evidence must be examined before their character and source are determined.
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