Pre-amendment reassessment limitation bars late notices under the preserved regime, invalidating consequential reassessment for affected earlier asses...
Cash-sales explanations for bank deposits require documentary reconciliation; reassessment notice survived where effective response time was available...
Functional comparability in transfer pricing prevents ad hoc arm's length adjustments where functions, assets, risks and reliable comparables are unes...
Contingency expenses, exempt-income disallowance, and royalty benchmarking: unsupported adjustments were deleted under consistent accounting and trans...
Payments by a trust to related concerns do not automatically attract disallowance under Section 13(1)(c); the statutory test is whether application of income or property results in a direct or indirect benefit to persons specified in Section 13(3), and benefit must be established. Higher profit margins or payments alone are insufficient without comparative or evidential material showing payments were excessive, lacked commercial expediency, or constituted diversion of trust income. Where earlier assessment years with identical facts accepted such payments and there is no change in facts or law, the rule of consistency supports maintaining that view and precludes reopening the transactions under Section 13(1)(c).
Payments by a trust to related concerns do not automatically attract disallowance under Section 13(1)(c); the statutory test is whether application of income or property results in a direct or indirect benefit to persons specified in Section 13(3), and benefit must be established. Higher profit margins or payments alone are insufficient without comparative or evidential material showing payments were excessive, lacked commercial expediency, or constituted diversion of trust income. Where earlier assessment years with identical facts accepted such payments and there is no change in facts or law, the rule of consistency supports maintaining that view and precludes reopening the transactions under Section 13(1)(c).
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