Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Input tax credit conditions remain constitutionally valid, with eligible recipient claims considered under GST circulars and retrospective filing dead...
Bogus donation receipts justified commission income assessment and defeated political-party tax exemption for inaccurate accounts and reporting failur...
Pure reimbursement without income element escapes tax withholding, while delayed withholding and unsupported provisions face deferred or renewed scrut...
Public benefit requirement defeats charitable registration where residents' association services are reciprocal, member-only facilities governed by mu...
Right to travel under Article 21 is affirmed as an essential aspect of dignity, but subject to proportionality of liberty-restricting conditions; courts must require a tangible and real flight-risk before imposing travel bars, and may exercise inherent jurisdiction to secure the ends of justice by imposing reasonable conditions rather than total prohibition. Applying those principles, the High Court found the petitioner's foreign business travel was not shown to be an actual flight risk and that denial would disproportionately harm family and commercial interests, and accordingly quashed the lower court order restricting travel.
Right to travel under Article 21 is affirmed as an essential aspect of dignity, but subject to proportionality of liberty-restricting conditions; courts must require a tangible and real flight-risk before imposing travel bars, and may exercise inherent jurisdiction to secure the ends of justice by imposing reasonable conditions rather than total prohibition. Applying those principles, the High Court found the petitioner's foreign business travel was not shown to be an actual flight risk and that denial would disproportionately harm family and commercial interests, and accordingly quashed the lower court order restricting travel.
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