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October 21, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Year-end accruals under consistent accounting remain deductible; duplicate taxation, invalid remands, and uninitiated penalties cannot stand.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Customs
Sufficient cause for delayed Customs appeals excludes unexplained administrative inaction and unsupported blame placed on former counsel.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Customs
Proportionality in Customs Broker licence revocation protects brokers where employee misconduct lacks deliberate broker involvement or repeated violations.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Customs
Essential character determines classification of multifunctional car radio units and qualifying SKD kits as automotive radio receivers.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Companies Law
Reasoned SFIO investigation orders require discernible statutory grounds; later material cannot cure a defective initiation.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws IBC
Financial debt requires time value of money; share-purchase consideration without a repayment obligation cannot support insolvency proceedings.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws IBC
Pre-existing quality disputes restrict insolvency admission where credible contemporaneous evidence requires fuller determination in appropriate proceedings.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws IBC
Disciplinary proportionality requires penalties for Authorised Representative misconduct to match proven harm, leading to reconsideration of registration cancellation.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws FEMA
Reasoned FEMA penalty orders must disclose evidence supporting liability; an unexplained affirmance requires fresh adjudication.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Indian Laws
Retrospective industrial incentive withdrawal invalidated; deemed Priority Sector approval and clinker-based cement SGST reimbursement eligibility remain subject to conditions.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Indian Laws
Cheque signature presumptions withstand uncorroborated lost-cheque claims, while proprietary concern liabilities remain personal to the proprietor.
October 21, 2026   Case Laws Indian Laws
Cheque execution presumption: admitted signatures shift the burden, and a refer-to-drawer return supports dishonour liability.
October 20, 2026   Notes GST
Personal GST penalty extends beyond registration only when benefit retention and transaction control are cumulatively proved.
October 20, 2026   Notes IBC
Proof of tenancy rights determines whether insolvency professionals can recover corporate-debtor premises from permissive occupants.
October 19, 2026   Notes GST
GST portal service requires statutory validity and meaningful access before ex parte demand proceedings can withstand challenge.
October 19, 2026   Notes Income Tax
TNMM comparability requires symmetrical operating-cost treatment and FAR-based review, while search matrices cannot replace substantiated functional analysis.
October 19, 2026   Notes Customs
Reasonable belief must precede gold seizure; without recorded objective grounds, the reverse burden for smuggling does not arise.
October 19, 2026   Notes Income Tax
Political contribution deductions require genuine transactions; banking records and party registration alone cannot defeat evidence of accommodation entries.
October 19, 2026   Notes GST
Post-death GST liability permits fresh proceedings against legal representatives, while discontinued-business recovery remains limited to the inherited estate.
October 19, 2026   Notes FEMA
Non-confirmation of FEMA seizure prevents adjudicators from overriding pending appellate findings on recorded reasons and suspected foreign asset holdings.

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Home › Highlights › Customs › 2025 › December, 2025 › This
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Handheld mobile/portable computers used for warehousing,...

Warehouse handheld computers for logistics and inventory classified as ADP machines under heading 8471, not smartphones, despite cellular capability.

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Customs December 17, 2025 Case Laws AAR
Handheld mobile/portable computers used for warehousing, logistics, and inventory operations were assessed for tariff classification as smartphones or as automatic data processing machines under heading 8471. Applying Note 6(A) to Ch. 84, the devices were held to satisfy ADP criteria because they have sufficient RAM/storage, run programmable operating systems/software, perform user-specified arithmetical computations, and execute processing programs with logical decision-making without human intervention; barcode scanning and wireless connectivity were treated as ancillary. Notes 6(D) and 6(E) exclusions were found inapplicable, and cellular-call capability did not alter the principal ADP function. Consequently, the goods were classified under CTI/CTH 8471 30 90. - AAR
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