Governmental authority status supports construction-service exemption, while pre-cutoff contract and stamp-duty compliance requires verification on re...
Automated Free Sale and Commerce Certificates enable paperless processing while retaining risk-based manual verification for selected exporter applica...
Employee stock-shortage penalties do not constitute consideration for services, preventing GST collection under Schedule II in employment relationship...
The CCI (Determination of Cost of Production) Regulations, 2025 establish comprehensive guidelines for determining cost in competition law proceedings. The regulations define multiple cost concepts including average variable cost, total cost, and long run average incremental cost, with average variable cost serving as the primary proxy for marginal cost. The CCI retains discretion to consider alternative cost methodologies in specific cases, subject to written justification. The regulations provide mechanisms for expert engagement, confidentiality requests, and preserve continuity with prior regulatory frameworks by ensuring existing proceedings and actions remain valid under the new regulatory structure.
The CCI (Determination of Cost of Production) Regulations, 2025 establish comprehensive guidelines for determining cost in competition law proceedings. The regulations define multiple cost concepts including average variable cost, total cost, and long run average incremental cost, with average variable cost serving as the primary proxy for marginal cost. The CCI retains discretion to consider alternative cost methodologies in specific cases, subject to written justification. The regulations provide mechanisms for expert engagement, confidentiality requests, and preserve continuity with prior regulatory frameworks by ensuring existing proceedings and actions remain valid under the new regulatory structure.
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