Transfer pricing requires evidence for AMP transactions, functionally reliable comparables, and appropriate aggregation or Berry Ratio benchmarking me...
Revisionary jurisdiction cannot reopen share capital assessments where adequate inquiry supports a permissible view and no independent error is establ...
Reassessment jurisdiction fails where unverified portal information is aggregated without examining the taxpayer's explanation or relevance of entries...
Statutory sanction for delayed reassessment requires approval from the prescribed authority; approval by an inferior authority invalidates jurisdictio...
Transfer pricing margin adjustments require matching treatment of non-operating income and related costs, with comparability issues reconsidered on ev...
Preliminary-expense amortisation and MAT exempt-income adjustments prevailed, while trademark costs and managerial remuneration require fresh verifica...
Export valuation requires contemporaneous evidence; unrelated invoices cannot prove overvaluation, and dual penalties on firm and partner are impermis...
Dishonor of Cheque - Generally, in the criminal law, mens rea is an essential component of crime but dishonour of cheque is a criminal offence where there is no need to prove a mens rea. The offence under Section 138 would be made out only if the dishonoured cheque is drawn by the drawer in favour of the drawee for discharge of legally enforceable debt or liability. Essentially, there is element of civil liability between the drawer and drawee of the cheque but if the ingredients of Section 138 are made out, it is a criminal offence to be tried in the manner provided under Section 142 of the NI Act. - HC
Dishonor of Cheque - Generally, in the criminal law, mens rea is an essential component of crime but dishonour of cheque is a criminal offence where there is no need to prove a mens rea. The offence under Section 138 would be made out only if the dishonoured cheque is drawn by the drawer in favour of the drawee for discharge of legally enforceable debt or liability. Essentially, there is element of civil liability between the drawer and drawee of the cheque but if the ingredients of Section 138 are made out, it is a criminal offence to be tried in the manner provided under Section 142 of the NI Act. - HC
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