Membership-consent thresholds for oppression petitions are satisfied by unchallenged voter-list consents, while unsupported forgery claims require pro...
Juridical seat versus arbitral venue determines supervisory court jurisdiction, while timely award challenges remain within the prescribed limitation ...
Penalty notices for concealment or furnishing inaccurate particulars must specify the exact charge and remove the inapplicable alternative; retaining both charges invalidates initiation. Similarly, search-penalty notices for undisclosed income must identify the applicable statutory clause because alternate clauses impose distinct conditions and consequences; non-specification makes the proceedings defective. Salary expenditure disallowed as allegedly non-genuine services was treated as requiring fact-based inquiry, but the related additions were restricted to 10% with consequential relief. Penalties based on defective notices were untenable.
Penalty notices for concealment or furnishing inaccurate particulars must specify the exact charge and remove the inapplicable alternative; retaining both charges invalidates initiation. Similarly, search-penalty notices for undisclosed income must identify the applicable statutory clause because alternate clauses impose distinct conditions and consequences; non-specification makes the proceedings defective. Salary expenditure disallowed as allegedly non-genuine services was treated as requiring fact-based inquiry, but the related additions were restricted to 10% with consequential relief. Penalties based on defective notices were untenable.
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