Final benami adjudication bars contradictory tax-evasion prosecution where settlement findings confirm full disclosure and cooperation without conceal...
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Risk-based selective vessel boarding requires accurate declarations and preserves master and agent liability where physical inspections are not select...
Statutory ESI contributions, including amounts deducted from employees' wages, are trust funds held by the corporate debtor for statutory beneficiaries and do not beneficially belong to it. Their filing as a Form B claim is procedural and neither changes their trust character nor prevents ESIC from seeking exclusion. These contributions must remain outside the liquidation estate and cannot be distributed through the creditor waterfall as ordinary Government or operational creditor dues. Resolution-plan approval is set aside to the extent it treats qualifying ESI contributions as ordinary dues; the excluded amount must be determined from statutory records.
Statutory ESI contributions, including amounts deducted from employees' wages, are trust funds held by the corporate debtor for statutory beneficiaries and do not beneficially belong to it. Their filing as a Form B claim is procedural and neither changes their trust character nor prevents ESIC from seeking exclusion. These contributions must remain outside the liquidation estate and cannot be distributed through the creditor waterfall as ordinary Government or operational creditor dues. Resolution-plan approval is set aside to the extent it treats qualifying ESI contributions as ordinary dues; the excluded amount must be determined from statutory records.
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